In parliaments elected by proportional systems the seats are allocated to the political parties roughly proportionally to the shares of votes for the party lists obtained in elections. Assuming that members of the parliament representing the same party are voting together, it has sense to require that distribution of the influence of the parties in parliamentary decision making is proportional ...

Weighted voting games model decision-making bodies where decisions are made by a majority vote. In such games, each agent has a weight, and a coalition of agents wins the game if the sum of the weights of its members exceeds a certain quota. The Shapley value is used as an index for the true power held by the agents in such games. Earlier work has studied the implications of setting the value o...

objective: water scarcity is a growing global problem and increasing population pressures, living standards and the growing demand for environmental quality have evoked all the governments to represent better solutions about water resources management. in addition, there are growing political ties for reducing water use in agriculture that follow enough environmental benefits and increase the w...

Penelitian ini dilakukan di The Alantara Sanur yang beralamat Jalan Tirta Ening No. 12, Kauh, Denpasar, Bali. bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan kualitas pelayanan pramusaji pada Pesisi Restoran Sanur. Teknik sampling digunakan adalah Quota Sampling, dengan sampel yaitu 1 manajer restoran, 2 pramusaji, dan 20 tamu Restoran. pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner, wawancara, observasi, ju...

The implementation of e-learning during Covid-19 Pandemic raises pro and cons particularly among the university students such as internet access, budget quota, well overload tasks. However, others think is appropriate one to establish learning process physical distance regulation prevention Covid-19. This research aims describe student perspectives on Pandemic. design this study was quantitativ...

The aims of this research are to find out the implementation Sharia Business Ethics staple food’s trader in Binong’s Village, Curug’s Sub-District, Tangerang Regency, Banten. method used is an interactive qualitative method. informants were obtained by using quota sampling technique. result showing that comprehension’s Village about optimal yet. majority already implemented with kind, and impac...

this article reports part of the results of a research conducted at lorestan university of medical sciences in 1389. the study aimed at comparing the employee performance appraisal results in terms of current methods and 360-degree feedback and examining their possible relationship with employee satisfaction. accordingly, based on the nature of research, the sample was taken from four groups: s...

Policy-makers targeting reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have a variety of instruments at their disposal (emission taxes excluded). Policies implemented thus far such as the Kyoto protocol, EU’s Emission Trading Scheme, and the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative in the US north-east, suggest that the preferred instrument is an emission quota per polluter. The prinicipal activity targ...

The Struggle over Migration Policy ∗ In this paper we analyze the endogenous determination of migration quota viewing it as an outcome of a two-stage political struggle between two interest groups: those in favor and those against the proposed migration quota. We first compare the proposed policies of the two interest groups under random behavior of the government, with and without lobbying. Th...