Pulmonary toxicology studies in rats demonstrate that nanoparticles are more toxic than fine-sized particles of similar chemistry. This study, however, provides evidence to contradict this theory. The aims of the study were (1) to compare the toxicity of synthetic 50 nm nanoquartz I particles versus (mined) Min-U-Sil quartz ( approximately 500 nm); the toxicity of synthetic 12 nm nanoquartz II ...

Introduction: Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in terrestrial crustal rocks. Viewed in planepolarized light with a petrographic microscope, quartz is clear (i.e., transparent). In cross-polarized light, quartz typically displays gray to white interference colors. Quartz (and other minerals) is deformed and transformed when subjected to strong shock waves, as a consequence of impact e...

OBJECTIVES To review the published literature on respirable quartz exposure and associated disease in agricultural related settings systematically and to describe personal respirable dust and quartz measurements collected on a sandy soil farm in the Free State province of South Africa. METHODS The published studies on exposure to respirable silica and quartz in agriculture and related setting...

The grade of a quartz ore is not a measure of its chemical reactivity. A high grade quartz sample (B) showed low reactivity in sodium silicate production. Structural imperfection usually occurs due to lattice defects in the quartz tetrahedron as a result of several substitutions that happen during mineralization. The random distortion of the quartz tetrahedron that could be affected by various ...

been compiled and analyzed to characterize current occupational expo~urcs to quartz: to determine if the quartz percentages of samples collected for different occupations have changed during the period 1985 through 1992; and to study the intranline variability associated \'vid1 quartz sample percentages of selected occupations. Analysis of the occupational data shows that regardless of the type...

Silica, or silicon dioxide (SiO2), is a group IV metal oxide, which naturally occurs in both crystalline and amorphous forms (i.e. polymorphic; NTP, 2005). The various forms of crystalline silica are: α-quartz, β-quartz, α-tridymite, β-tridymite, α-cristobalite, β-cristobalite, keatite, coesite, stishovite, and moganite (NIOSH, 2002). The most abundant form of silica is α-quartz, and the term q...

Introduction: Individual grains and small lithic clasts in thin-sectioned suevitic breccia samples from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) Bosumtwi impact crater drillcore LB07A were examined petrographically to evaluate the occurrence , abundance, and characteristics of unshocked and shock-metamorphosed quartz. The analyzed samples were taken across a ~42-m-long (...

Silica, or silicon dioxide (SiO2), is a group IV metal oxide, which naturally occurs in both crystalline and amorphous forms (i.e. polymorphic; NTP, 2005). The various forms of crystalline silica are: α-quartz, β-quartz, α-tridymite, β-tridymite, α-cristobalite, β-cristobalite, keatite, coesite, stishovite, and moganite (NIOSH, 2002). The most abundant form of silica is α-quartz, and the term q...

The exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS), e.g. quartz, in industrial settings can induce silicosis and may cause tumours in chronic periods. Consequently, RCS in the form of quartz and cristobalite has been classified as human lung carcinogen category 1 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1997, acknowledging differences in hazardous potential depending on source as ...

Two recent intratracheal instillation toxicology studies in rats clearly show that a naturally occurring quartz, with occluded crystal surfaces (quartz isolate), produced significantly less inflammatory response than a crushed reference quartz (DQ12). Respirable-size quartz isolate was isolated from bentonite parent rock, without crushing or the use of chemicals, to ensure that the surface prop...