almost ideal demand system (aids) and rotterdam model have been employed to (by means of seemingly unrelated regression (sur) estimate the function related to milk and dairy products in the urban societies of iran for years 1982 to 2009. cross and cross price elasticities have been evaluated too. results indicated that during the study period, share of milk products in household budget was more...

The residential demand for electricity, studied on the national level for many years, is here investigated on the regional level. A survey of the literature is first presented outlining past econometric work in the field of electrical energy demand. An econometric model is then presented using a 1970 cross-section of sixty-seven New England electric utilities and their service areas as the data...

The concept system around ‘quantity’ and ‘quantity value’ is fundamental for measurement science, but some very basic issues are still open on such concepts and their relations. This paper proposes a duality between quantities and quantity values, a proposal that simplifies their characterization and makes it consistent.

Abstract The elasticity of taxable income is a key parameter in tax policy analysis. To examine the large variation found literature and broad elasticities, I conduct comprehensive meta-regression analysis using information from 61 studies containing 1,720 estimates. My findings reveal that estimated elasticities are not immutable parameters. They correlated with contextual factors choice empir...

Abstract The income elasticity of carbon footprint is a summary variable often used to describe the relationship between and footprints. Previous studies primarily calculate this using emissions intensities per monetary unit. We surveyed Nordic countries, allowing us directly footprints from responses about quantity types activities rather than only spending, which alleviates issues with tradit...

Through this paper, we have attempted to model the demand for di¤erent classes of antibiotics used for respiratory infections in outpatient care in Switzerland using a spatial version of the linear approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model. This model takes spatial dependency into account by means of spatial lags of antibiotic budget shares. We control for the health status of patient...

a r t i c l e i n f o Consumption tax rates targeted at specific sectors are often reformed without any empirical knowledge about the efficiency of these policies. This paper sheds light on tax incidence as well as the efficiency issue, the potential for welfare improving reform, by studying the impact of value added taxes (VAT) on prices and quantities of labor intensive services. I utilize a ...

Planners have theorized that transitioning commuter rail systems to regional networks will increase ridership, balance mode share, and reduce automobile use in North American cities. This process is currently underway Ontario, Canada, as service being expanded throughout the GO Transit network. Calculating elasticities a common approach used identify factors that, if adapted, may significantly ...