BACKGROUND Semi-quantitative Gram stain and culture methods are still commonly used for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), due to its convenience. Only a few studies, however, have assessed the reliability of these methods when compared with quantitative cultures, a current standard for the diagnosis of VAP. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of semi-quantitati...

Abstract We propose quantitative probing as a model-agnostic framework for validating causal models in the presence of domain knowledge. The method is constructed analogy to train/test split correlation-based machine learning. It consistent with logic scientific discovery and enhances current validation strategies. effectiveness illustrated using Pearl’s sprinkler example, before thorough simul...

No part of this work may be reproduced by print, photocopy or any other means without the permission in writing from the publisher. Before him [Gandalf] stood a dark arch opening into three passages: all led in the same general direction, eastwards; but the left-hand passage plunged down, while the right-hand climbed up, and the middle way seemed to run on, smooth and level but very narrow. Sum...

introduction: it is recommended that the physician apply at least a semi-quantitative segmental scoring system in myocardial perfusion spect.  we aimed to assess the agreement between automated semi-quantitative analysis using qps (quantitative perfusion spect) software and visual approach for calculation of summed stress  score (sss), summed rest score (srs) and summed difference score (sds). ...

System identi cation takes a space of possible models and a stream of observational data of a physical system, and attempts to identify the element of the model space that best describes the observed system. In traditional approaches, the model space is speci ed by a parameterized di erential equation, and identi cation selects numerical parameter values so that simulation of the model best mat...

Abstract Background Dynamic [ 18 F]flortaucipir PET imaging allows for more accurate quantification of specific binding compared to static in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Besides, with dynamic flow is taken into account, which especially important longitudinal studies, because progression or drug intervention may lead changes. We aimed compare semi‐quantitative (SUVr) and quantitative (BP ND ) par...

Johannes Bos University of Utrecht David Botstein Stanford University School of Medicine Jeff Chamberlain University of Michigan Medical School Henry Erlich Roche Molecular Systems Kenshi Hayashi National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo Bernhard Horsthemke University of Essen Pieter de Jong Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory David Kemp Menzies School of Health Research Kenneth Kidd Yale Un...

desertification refers to land degradation phenomenon in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas, resulting from various factors including climate variation and human activities. for evaluation and mapping of desertification many research have been conducted leading to regional and local models. in this research, among different existing methods imdpa was selected and desertification intensity ...