The interactions between different formal models and biology have a long-standing successful history. Results have been produced on both sides of this process while continuously new models are considered and new biological territories are uncovered. On one hand, biological systems, as cells, have been recognised as complex systems requesting various models to simulate, explain, and verify their...

SEIZURE is an international journal providing a forum for the publication of papers on all topics related to epilepsy and seizure disorders. These topics include the basic sciences related to the condition itself, the differential diagnosis, natural history and epidemiology of seizures, and the investigation and practical management of epilepsy (including drug treatment, neurosurgery and non-me...

Europe’s plans to more than double its use of biofuels by 2020 is ‘significantly’ adding to worldwide carbon emissions, according to a new report. Europe is committed to source 10 per cent of its transport fuel from renewable sources, such as biofuels, within 10 years. But the British government says the policy is proving counterproductive and the greenhouse emissions associated with biofuels a...

This paper presents an online system for recognizing isolated, hand-sketched Urdu characters drawn on a Tablet PC. Attributes of Urdu characters are analyzed to define a set of features which are then trained and classified using a weighted, linear classifier. As a proof of concept, we have integrated our recognition algorithm into an application used to help people learn the Urdu language. Pre...

In various parts of the world, the continent of Africa is struggling with the phenomenon of terrorism and extremism more than other regions. This continent, for various reasons, including the various weaknesses of software and hardware, including economic backwardness, political instabilities, social inequalities, and foreign interventions that find their interests only in insecurity and instab...

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 306 I. ATTACKS ON TERRORIST WEBSITES .......................................... 307 A. Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) .......................................... 308 B. Al Qaeda ............................................................................. 309 II. WIKILEAKS ...........................

Prior to the tragedy of Sept 11, 2001 steganography was barely known outside of academic and security circles. Now, it has become a much-reported element in one of the most significant events in the early 21st century. The ability to hide a text message inside a picture on a PC has gone from an interesting bit of trivia to a communications method possibly used by al-Qaeda as a means to covertly...

Cette étude porte un regard critique sur la stratégie contre-terroriste du Pakistan adoptée après les attentats du 11 septembre, dans la mesure où elle a été inefficace, voire contre-productive. Elle n’a pu déloger les réseaux terroristes des groups jihadistes et extrémistes basés au Pakistan, qui ont aussi des liens avec al Qaeda. L’évaluation de la stratégie contre-terroriste pakistanaise por...

Given the increasing influence of religious fundamentalism on politics (e.g. the Christian right in the United States or the Muslim fundamentalism associated with Al Qaeda), the question of how we can conceive of law and order, or society itself, without employing repressive ideals becomes more urgent. We need a way of conceptualizing the origin and process of idealization (which is necessary f...