OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the size-dependent toxicity of spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to an endemic benthic organism, Glyptotendipes tokunagai. METHODS Ag nanoparticles of three nominal sizes (50, 100, and 150 nm) capped with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP-Ag NPs) were used. Their physicochemical properties, acute toxicity (48 hours), and bioaccumulation were measured usin...

Interpolymer complex formation of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with carboxyvinyl polymer (CP) was examined by turbidity measurement, a binding isotherm study and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The interpolymer complex of PVP with CP was found to be formed in the unit molecular ratio of 1: 1 under ideal conditions, though the ratio of PVP in the solid complex was lower than 1: 1 under pr...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) could give rise to excellent outcomes and significant improvements in pain, analgesic requirements, function, cost, and incidence of serious complications for thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). But some studies showed the recurrent fracture of a previously operated vertebra or adjacen...

PURPOSE To compare photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) using the 120W GreenLight™ laser with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in terms of their cost to the Greek National Health Service (NHS) or to the Public Insurance Sickness Funds (PISF). PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective cost evaluation with 1-year follow-up of 60 patients with infravesical obstruction of beni...

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) has been used to relieve pain and to prevent further collapse of the vertebral body in patients with an osteoporotic compression fracture. The most commonly affected site for the use of PVP is the thoracolumbar junction. There are few reports that have described on the usefulness of PVP in the treatment of a high thoracic compression fracture. We report a case ...

Hollow metal oxide nanocrystals were prepared by etching cuprous oxide with metal ions and were applied as photoelectrodes. As a hard template, polyvinylpyrrolidone stabilized cuprous oxide (PVP-Cu2O) and non-stabilized cuprous oxide (nPVP-Cu2O) were synthesized by a precipitation method. Hollow iron oxide and cobalt oxide nanocrystals with a truncated octahedral morphology were fabricated by a...

Electrochemiluminescent (ECL) arrays containing polymer ([Ru(bpy)(2)(PVP)(10)](2+), PVP = polyvinylpyridine), DNA, and selected enzymes were employed to elucidate cytochrome (cyt) P450 dependent metabolism of the tobacco specific carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Bioactivated NNK metabolites formed upon H(2)O(2)-enzymatic activation were captured as DNA adducts a...

Type 2 antigens such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), 1 type III pneumococcal polysaccharide ($3), and dinitrophenyl (DNP)-ficoll characteristically elicit antibody responses in mice that consist almost entirely of antibodies of the IgM and IgG3 isotypes (1-4). Type 2 antigens also are generally unable to prime mice to produce I gG 1 and IgG2 antibodies after secondary challenge, i.e. they are un...

Objective: To compare the efficacies of percutaneous vertebral angioplasty (PVP), percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and conventional open operation in the treatment of spinal tumor. Methods: Forty-seven patients who admitted to our hospital were divided into three groups: PVP group (treated with PVP), PKP group (treated with PKP) and control group (treated with conventional open operation). Visual...

Pulmonary administration of protein and peptide drugs using inhaled dry powder particles is an interesting alternative to parenteral delivery. The stabilisation of these molecules is essential to the maintenance of biological activity in such inhalation formulations. Here salmon calcitonin (sCT) was co-spray dried with linear or branched PEG (L-PEG and B-PEG) and PVP in order to formulate aeros...