Abstract Background Implantable vascular access devices (IVADs) provide durable routes for administering long-term treatments in patients. However, their associated complications pose a problem. One technique variation that can influence complication rates is the method of securing IVADs, which either by ligation or purse-string suture. Objective To compare two port-a-cath techniques, and purse...

The paper describes the status of a joint project between Gemplus and ONERA. Gemplus developed an electronic purse running on Java enabled smart cards. The project goal is to verify security properties that should be enforced by the applets involved in this application. A security policy has been de ned that associates levels to applet attributes and methods and de nes authorized ows between le...

The standard way of visualising protocols using pictures with boxes and arrows is insufcient to study the protocols in detail. The problem is that the structuring of the protocols relies on elements not explicit in the standard visual rendering. To solve the problem one should visualise not only the operations and the messages but also the state and the security. Using an object oriented data o...

This document describes a new cryptographic protocol that allows the efficient authentication of an unlimited amount of data coming from an IC Card by an off-line terminal where the IC Card’s cryptographic capability is limited to computing one-way functions and MACs. The authentication of the IC Card and its data are based on a Challenge-Response protocol using one-way functions. The protocol ...

We investigated the forces that connect the genetic program of development to morphogenesis in Drosophila. We focused on dorsal closure, a powerful model system for development and wound healing. We found that the bulk of progress toward closure is driven by contractility in supracellular "purse strings" and in the amnioserosa, whereas adhesion-mediated zipping coordinates the forces produced b...