Introduction. The aim of this study was to assess the vascular benefits of dark chocolate in healthy and young individuals. Methods. A randomized and controlled trial was carried out involving 60 healthy volunteers, randomized into two groups: control group (CG; n = 30) and intervention group (IG; n = 30). The IG ingested a daily dosage of 10 g of dark chocolate (>75% cocoa) for a month. Blood ...

To the Editor: The concerns raised by Lantelme et al1 about the relationship between heart rate and pulse wave velocity (PWV) properly apply to the method they employed, not to the conventional method, nor to the long-established relationship between PWV and arterial stiffness. Lantelme et al used Complior, as did the 3 other studies (Lantelme references 8, 15, 17), which appeared to show incre...

[Purpose] We examined the effects of detraining on temporal changes in arterial stiffness in endurance athletes. [Subjects] Eighteen female university athletes requiring high endurance exercise capabilities were classified into 2 groups: 10 retired players (detraining group) and 8 active players (training group). [Methods] Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, an index of arterial stiffness, was ...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women. The relationship between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis has been established by studies of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and biochemical pathways that seem to overlap in many places. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is one of the known predictors of cardiovascular and all...

BACKGROUND Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, a predictor of cardiovascular outcome, is conventionally measured using a tonometer sequentially placed upon the carotid and femoral arteries, gated using an electrocardiogram. Leg cuff detection of the femoral pulse removes the need for signal gating, reduces the time required for a single measurement, but gives different pulse wave velocity valu...

In the abstract, the fifth sentence describing the results (page 1685) should be: In the a posteriori DP analysis, YH3 participants adhering most closely to the ‘healthy’ DP were found to have lower pulse wave velocity (PWV) and homocysteine concentrations, the ‘sweet tooth’ DP were found to have increased LDL concentrations and decreased HDL concentrations, the ‘drinker/social’ DP were found t...

Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of aortic stiffness, is an important indicator of cardiovascular risk. Derivation of PWV from uncalibrated proximal aortic or carotid pressure alone has practical advantages. However, when the time of return of the reflected wave, (Delta)t, is used to calculate PWV, inaccurate data are obtained. With aging PWV increases but (Delta)t hardly decreases, ...

We examined the effect of low-intensity single-leg exercise (20 or 30 watt, 5 min) on pulse wave velocity from the femoral to the ankle arteries in 18 young men. After the exercise, the velocity significantly decreased in the exercised leg, but not in the counterpart, suggesting that the decrease in arterial stiffness in the exercised leg was induced mainly by exercise-related regional factors.

Laser evolution and plasma wave excitation by a relativistically intense short-pulse laser in underdense plasma are investigated in the broad pulse limit, including the effects of pulse steepening, frequency redshifting, and energy depletion. The nonlinear plasma wave phase velocity is shown to be significantly lower than the laser group velocity and further decreases as the pulse propagates ow...

Methods In 15 healthy volunteers (7 male; mean±SD age 19±6 years) pulmonary PWV was prospectively assessed between the proximal main pulmonary artery (MPA) and just before the first branching of the distal left pulmonary artery (LPA). One-directional through-plane velocity-encoded (VE) MRI using breath holds was used to assess the pulmonary flow at the levels of MPA and distal LPA with a tempor...