Environmental regulations coupled to market pressures have forced the pulp and paper industry to explore alternatives to chlorine based bleaching practices for the production of bleached kraft pulp.Various technologies and bleaching chemicals have been suggested as answers to kraft pulp bleaching concerns, from which oxygen, ozone and peroxides are the leading candidates for chlorine replacemen...

The pulp and paper industry, which is a strategic economic sector in Europe, is very demanding in terms of energy and water. The high water consumption results in the generation of large volumes of wastewater, which must be treated to accomplish with regulations. Therefore, sludge is unavoidable generated and its management is a key issue for the pulp and paper industry. Given prohibitions on l...

The article investigates whether environmental regulations have affected productivity development and technological change in the European pulp and paper industry. A dynamic panel data approach is selected for analyzing a sample consisting of the pulp and paper industries in eight European countries. Industry total factor productivity for the period 1993–2009 is used as the dependent variable; ...

BACKGROUND The alkalistable and thermostable xylanases are in high demand for pulp bleaching in paper industry and generating xylooligosaccharides by hydrolyzing xylan component of agro-residues. The compost-soil samples, one of the hot environments, are expected to be a rich source of microbes with thermostable enzymes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Metagenomic DNA from hot environmental sa...

The purpose of this paper is to develop models with and without potential emissions trading and to compare industry profits under the two regimes. The model in which emissions trading is permitted is a nonparametric industry frontier model in the spirit of Färe et al. (1992). It is relative to this model that industry profit is computed. This profit is compared to the profit without emissions t...

In an attempt to find a thermostable xylanase enzyme for potential application in the pretreatment prior to H2O2 bleaching of paper pulp for industry, an extracellular xylanase from Aureobasidium pullulans CBS 135684 was purified 17.3-fold to apparent homogeneity with a recovery yield of 13.7%. Its molecular mass was approximately 72 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The optimal pH and temperature...

Pulp and paper mill effluent is posing a serious threat to the water and soil components of the environment due to its brown colour and high level of toxicity. Fungal treatment is one of the efficient methods for treating pulp and paper mill effluent. In the present study, for the treatment of from pulp and paper industry, nine efficient fungal strains including Phanerochaete chrysosporium, ded...

Introduction Cellulose fibers have unique properties that allow them to be used for a variety of products— from low-density cushioning to high-density structural products. Knowing what types of fibers and processing methods to use for each product application requires an understanding of potential properties. Historically this understanding has tended to be more an art than a science. The paper...

Comparative study on organosolv pulping method have been done by using various mixtures of water and organic solvents as delignifying agents including ethylene glycol-water mixtures, ethanol-water mixtures and acetic acid-water mixtures to extract cellulose from agricultural crop biomass (Oil palm empty-fruit bunches-OPFB). The yield of organosolv pulping with ethylene glycol-water mixture, eth...

Air emissions from the U.S. pulp and paper sector have been federally regulated since 1978; however, regulations are periodically reviewed and revised to improve efficiency and effectiveness of existing emission standards. The Industrial Sectors Integrated Solutions (ISIS) model for the pulp and paper sector is currently under development at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and c...