Abstract. Today, foreign trade plays a key role in leading the economic growth and development programs of societies and has heterogeneous effects on the countries’ economies due to the degree of development of countries. This study focuses on developing countries and members of the D8 group and investigates the effect of trade openness on macroeconomic variables; also Iran is in this group. Th...

in the name of allah , the compassionate the merciful abstract shath ( blasphemic utterace made during spiritual ) is a complicated concept that deserves reflection in gnosticism and sufism ( mysticism ) and estem and westem scholars have alwaya paid attention to it. although principal essence of gnostic belief is the holy divine law ,gnosticism has pure and unique thoughts . by glancing at t...

most specialists in the field of foreign language teachingconsiderreading skill as an interactive process between the reader’s prior knowledge and the text.accordingly, the activation of prior knowledge for an effective comprehension is very important. it is generally agreed that the pre-reading phase is the stage where this type of interaction and activation may be enhanced throughcertain stra...

the study aims to achieve research and testing of hypotheses survey techniques and questionnaires to collect information used. 61 questions in the questionnaire included 15 questions and 46 open questions according to research in the study population, girls and their mothers as the value of different children investment should be. mothers according to the research community benefits from havi...

abstract type-ii fuzzy logic has shown its superiority over traditional fuzzy logic when dealing with uncertainty. type-ii fuzzy logic controllers are however newer and more promising approaches that have been recently applied to various fields due to their significant contribution especially when the noise (as an important instance of uncertainty) emerges. during the design of type- i fuz...

  Ecotourism as the largest industry in the world, accounts for one third of whole International trade and many people view tourism as a vehicle for economic development of a country. One of the beautiful areas in Iran is Badreh region which is located in Ilam Province. Despite of abundant recreation attractions and many conditions for ecotourism development in this area, but there is no approp...

حلقه r‎ نیم جابجایی نامیده می شود هرگاه ab=0 نتیجه دهد‎ arb=0 ‎برای هر a,b ? r. هوو و همکاران نشان دادند چنانچه ‎r‎ نیم جابجائی باشد حلقه چندجمله ای های r[x] لزوماْ نیم جابجایی نیست اما نزدیک-نیم جابجایی می تواند باشد. در این پایان نامه، ضمن معرفی و بررسی حلقه های نزدیک-نیم جابجایی، ساختار حلقه های نیم جابجایی و نزدیک-نیم جابجایی را بررسی نموده وکلاس هایی از آنها را گسترش می دهیم. نشان می دهیم ع...

today, the route for economic development in most countries is the same as international open competitive economy. economic institutes well known that supportive public economy belonged on the past and they may compete in the global economy. it is obvious that if they have no competitive potency or not familiar with competition technique, they may be devastated. banking system aims to collect t...