the rare form of skeletal dysplasia is thanatophoric dysplasia. the meaning for thanatophoric dysplasia is death bearing which is derived from greek word. it occurs 1in 20,000 to 50,000. it is mainly due to mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3gene. features of thanatophoric dysplasia are frontal bossing, prominent eyes, narrow thorax, protruded abdomen and bowed legs. the knowle...

It is shown that for a set S of n pairwise disjoint axis-parallel line segments in the plane there is a simple alternating path of length Ω( √ n). This bound is best possible in the worst case. In the special case that the n pairwise disjoint axis-parallel line segments are protruded (that is, if the intersection point of the lines through every two nonparallel segments is not visible from both...

briefly described ^ as Saniwa ensidens. The type specimen was deposited in the United States National Museum, where it has remained in the same unprepared condition as originally received 50 years ago. It was preserved in a considerable number of blocks of ash-colored rock, the only evidence of the embedded specimen being two vertebrae, which had been uncovered, and the numerous bones which pro...

Lower cranial nerve palsies in various combinations involving the hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, vagal, and the accessory nerves occur in internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection. 17 The hypoglossal nerve (cn-XII) is most often aVected. It is suggested that the close proximity of these nerves to the cervical ICA may subject them to mechanical injury either by the expansion of the dissected arte...

BACKGROUND Identifying a precise demarcation line (DL) is indispensable for pathological complete en bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC). We evaluated the useful condition of chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine and acetic acid for marking dots around lesions before ESD for EGC. METHODS We examined 98 consecutive patients with 109 intramucosal EGCs (mean ...

OBJECTIVE To introduce a simple, self-retentive and cost effective presurgical infant orthopaedic plate with anterior ring to retract and align the grossly protruded and deviated pre-maxilla and to perform the nasoalveolar moulding in order to facilitate initial lip repair. METHOD The study was conducted in the orthodontic department of dental section of CH & ICH Lahore. The nonprobable purpo...

The existence of multipotent adipose-derived stem cells isolated from human orbital fat (OF) tissue has shown great therapeutic potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. But the use of stem cells for therapeutic applications is influenced by their proliferative and differentiation potentials, which may be affected by the age of the donor. So far there is little knowledge about ...

BACKGROUND Limited resection is reserved for patients with high operative risk or benign adenomas. We aimed to define indications for limited resection of early ampulla of Vater carcinoma with curative intent through detailed preoperative examinations and histopathological evaluations. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive Japanese patients who underwent resecti...