ABSTRACT Deuterium fractionation can constrain the physical and chemical conditions at early stage of brown dwarf formation. We present IRAM 30-m observations over a wide frequency range 213–279 GHz singly doubly deuterated species formaldehyde (HDCO D2CO) towards Class 0/I proto-brown dwarfs (proto-BDs). Multiple low-excitation HDCO D2CO transition lines with upper energy level ?40 K are detec...

background & objective: the current approaches to reduce the risk of colorectal carcinoma are through the detection and removal of the precursor lesion” adenomatous polyps”. the study was conducted to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of p53 and bcl2 in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. patients and methods: a total of 86 cases, 33 colorectal adenomas, 33 colorectal adenocarcin...

Retroviruses cause cancers in a variety of animals and humans. Research on retroviruses has provided important insights into mechanisms of oncogenesis in humans, including the discovery of viral oncogenes and cellular proto-oncogenes. The subject of this review is the mechanisms by which retroviruses that do not carry oncogenes (non-acute retroviruses) cause cancers. The common theme is that th...

The theory of behavioral communication for humanoid robots that in teract with humans is discussed in this paper For behavioral communication it is fundamental for a humanoid robot to recognize the meaning of the whole body mo tion of a human According to the previous works it can be done in the symbolic level by adopting the proto symbol space de ned by the Hidden Markov Models based on the mi...

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are one of the most unique and fascinating ecosystems on Earth. Although phylogenetic diversity of vent communities has been extensively examined, their physiological diversity is poorly understood. In this study, a GeoChip-based, high-throughput metagenomics technology revealed dramatic differences in microbial metabolic functions in a newly grown protochimney (inne...

The expression of c-sis proto-oncogene in bronchoalveolar mononuclear cells was studied in seven patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. By means of nuclear run on transcription assay, the transcriptional level of c-sis proto-oncogene in bronchoalveolar mononuclear cells was investigated. Expression of c-sis proto-oncogene in bronchoalveolar mononuclear cells was enhanced. Enhancement of c-sis tra...

Crystallization of calcium carbonate, typically, progresses sequentially via metastabIc phases. Amorphous CaC03 (ACC) generally forms initially, both in vitro and in vivo, and is the precursor of the predominant anhydrous polymorphs (calcite, aragonite, and vaterite). [I-I3] A new picture of the crystallization of calcium carbonate is emerging, which involves transformations of clusters to ACC ...

Assembling non-biological materials (geomaterials) into a proto-organism constitutes a bridge between nonliving and living matter. In this article we present a simple step-by-step route to assemble a proto-organism. Many pictures have been proposed to describe this transition within the origins-of-life and artificial life communities, and more recently alternative pictures have been emerging fr...

We investigate the cross-talk between the two key components of tidal-torque theory, the inertia (I) and shear (T ) tensors, using a cosmological N -body simulation with thousands of well-resolved haloes. We find that the principal axes of I and T are strongly aligned, even though I characterizes the proto-halo locally while T is determined by the large-scale structure. Thus, the resultant gala...

Abstract From a linguistic standpoint, Proto-Japonic and Proto-Koreanic are assumed to have split off the Transeurasian languages in southern Manchuria. The idea that came earlier than chronological scheme means language first entered Korean Peninsula, from there spread Japanese archipelago at beginning of Yayoi period, around ninth century BC, while arrival Korea is associated with rolled rim ...