Abstract I argue that the principal roles standardly envisaged for abstract propositions can be discharged to sentences themselves (and similarly meanings or senses of words). discuss: (1) Cognitive Value: Hesperus-Phosphorus; (2) Indirect Sense and Propositional Attitudes; (3) Paradox Analysis; (4) Picture Theory Tractatus; (5) Syntactical Diagrams Meaning; (6) Quantifying-in. (7) Patterns Use...

Scott Soames My topic is the concept of information needed in the study of language and mind. It is widely acknowledged that knowing the meaning of an ordinary declarative sentence, or the content of a representational mental state, involves knowing which things it represents as being which ways. Knowing this gives one knowledge of the truth conditions of the sentence or state, which are ways t...

predicates can be used to express properties of elds using integers, but reasoning about integers is di cult. We are going to employ a theorem prover to prove properties about integers. Most probably, we are going to use the Z3 theorem prover [3]. Kevin Bierho has implemented a tool called JavaSyp [1] that uses the SMT solver Z3 to formally verify Java code. We initially wanted to modify JavaSy...

Introduction My interest in this topic arose from work that I was doing on attempting a description of the language used to report language (Thompson, 1994). It rapidly became clear that the commonly used categories were far from adequate, and I therefore turned to Halliday’s (1985) concept of projection as providing a much wider and more usable perspective than traditional ideas of ’reported s...

Our linguistic and inferential practices are said to implicate a kind of abstract object playing various roles traditionally attributed to propositions, and our predictive and explanatory success with this ‘‘proposition-talk’’ is held to underwrite a realistic interpretation of it. However, these very same practices pull us in different directions regarding the nature of propositions, frustrati...

In this paper it is shown that addition of certain reductions to the standard cut removing reductions of deductions in propositional logic makes propositional logic non-normalizable. From this follows that some provable propositions in propositional logic has no direct proof.