Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) very often suffers from route failures due to the store-carry and forward approach and also due to the mobility of nodes. The problem is delay at each node until the message carrying node doesn’t find the receiver node. This situation limits the applicability of traditional routing techniques which categorize lack of path as failure of nodes and try to seek for exi...

the words hold their meaning values, inner combination and out combination that which of them have the special meaning concessions, specially, when these words connected with holy quran. one of these words, is karaem (dignity) that used in nahj about inmate's description:( the delicacies of the quran are about them. the descendants of the prophet). the word roots from (karam) has a range o...

A mobile device in a MANET must be assigned a free IP address before it may participate in unicast communication. This is a fundamental and difficult problem in the practical use of any MANET. Several solutions have been proposed. However, these approaches have different drawbacks. A new IP address allocation algorithm, namely prophet allocation, is proposed in the paper. The proposed scheme ma...

In this paper we consider the problem of routing in intermittently connected networks. In such networks there is no guarantee that a fully connected path between source and destination exists at any time, rendering traditional routing protocols unable to deliver messages between hosts. There do however exist a number of scenarios where connectivity is intermittent, but where the possibility of ...

Delay and/or Disruption-Tolerant Networking (DTN) is a novel communication prototype that can span across multiple networks and deal with unpredicted conditions in the Internet model.Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) are partitioned wireless ad hoc networks with intermittent connectivity. Additional terminology in this family of dynamic networks includes disruption-tolerant networks, intermittentl...

topic of divine order arrangement of the verses in chapters of the qoran always has been discussed with quranic scholars and this topic has pros and cons in throughout history. in this discussion that has root in historical, traditional sources and sometimes theological sources the traditions has significant place, and independent investigation of these traditions can have a significant effect ...

islamic fiqh especially imami fiqh, contains subjects that their application need a powerful government and a ruler that must be aware of divine teachings. accordingly, it should be noted that there is a strong connection between the fiqh of islam and the issue of government. here, we study some expressions of this connection, including: a) review of fiqhi texts to make the connection of fiqh a...