We examine how the social structure of existing organizations influences the entrepreneurial process and suggest that resources accrue to entrepreneurs based on the structural position of their prior employers. We argue that information advantages allow individuals from entrepreneurially prominent prior firms to identify new opportunities. Entrepreneurial prominence also provides reputation ben...

In order to gain knowledge about the interaction between topdown expectations of listeners concerning prosodic prominence and its acoustic correlates, two exploratory empirical studies were carried out. First, native and nonnative subjects rated prominences of speech read at normal and very fast —prosodically very different — speech. Later, these ratings were compared with introspective promine...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relative importance of bilabial prominence in relation to other facial profile parameters in a normal population. METHODS Profile stimulus images of 38 individuals (28 female and 10 male; ages 19-25 years) were shown to an unrelated group of first-year students (n = 42; ages 18-24 years). The images were individually viewed on a 17-inch monitor. The observers receive...

We present results of a comparison between two prosody prediction algorithms, showing that the incorporation of information from a parser results in signi cantly improved performance for our text-tospeech synthesiser. We used a stochastic tree-based parser to generate a tagged and bracketed representation of the input text, and then interpreted this higher-level information to produce a ToBI-ty...

The purpose of this investigation was to undertake an objective and quantitative evaluation of how mandibular prominence influences perceived attractiveness. The mandibular prominence of an idealized profile image was altered in 2 mm increments from -16 to 12 mm, in order to represent retrusion and protrusion of the mandible, respectively. These images were rated on a 7-point Likert scale by a ...

OBJECTIVE Adapting classifiers for the purpose of brain signal decoding is a major challenge in brain-computer-interface (BCI) research. In a previous study we showed in principle that hidden Markov models (HMM) are a suitable alternative to the well-studied static classifiers. However, since we investigated a rather straightforward task, advantages from modeling of the signal could not be asse...

There are numerous studies devoted to the typological examination of stress (e.g. Hyman 1977, Liberman & Prince 1977, Hayes 1980, 1995, Prince 1983, Halle & Vergnaud 1987, Goedemans and van der Hulst 1996, Elenbaas & Kager 1999, Gordon 2002, Hyde 2002, Heinz 2009, van der Hulst & Goedemans 2009, van der Hulst et al 2010). This research program has produced many interesting observations and theo...

This study investigates the relationship between variation due to prosodic prominence and variation due to sound change. We compare two hypotheses: under prominence vowels move in the direction of vowel shift, and under prominence vowels are hyperarticulated, and move to positions more peripheral in the vowel space. These hypotheses make competing predictions for two vowels currently undergoing...

Recent work has proposed that prominence perception in speech could be driven by predictability of prosodic patterns, connecting prominence perception to the concept of statistical learning. In the present study, we tested the predictability hypothesis by conducting a listening test where subjects were first exposed to a 5-minute stream of sentences with a certain proportion of sentence-final w...

Past studies have shown that a native Spanish speaker’s use of phrasal prominence is a good indicator of her level of English prosody acquisition. Because of the cross-linguistic differences in the organization of phrasal prominence and durational contrasts, we hypothesize that those speakers with English-like prominence in their L2 speech are also expected to have acquired English-like rhythm....