Carbon emissions are receiving greater scrutiny in many countries due to international forces to reduce anthropogenic global climate change. Carbon taxation is one of the most common carbon emission regulation policies, and companies must incorporate it into their production and pricing decisions. Activity-based costing (ABC) and the theory of constraints (TOC) have been applied to solve produc...

Product-mix decision through theory of constraints (TOC) should take into account considerations like the decisionmaker’s (DM) level of satisfaction in order to make product-mix decision a robust one. Sensitivity of the decision made, needs to be focused for a bottle-neck-free, optimal product-mix solution of TOC problem. A membership function (MF) has been suitably designed in the present work...

Many industries operate technologies in which multiple outputs (co-products) are jointly produced. In some settings (“vertical”) the co-products differ along a performance dimension and are substitutable. In other settings (“horizontal”) the co-products differ in their applications and are not substitutable. In both cases, three important attributes of a co-product technology are its processing...

Facing new challenges and more uncertainty, manufacturers see the need for flexible solutions and the need to strive to achieve flexibility. However, flexibility is still not well understood and no unambiguous understanding of flexibility exists. The paper first summarizes the state of the field of flexibility, exploring different definitions and understandings of the flexibility concept from t...

Disperse dyes are the most common contact sensitizers among textile dyes. The main aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of patch testing with a textile dye mix 6.6%. A total of 2,049 patients from Sweden and 497 from Belgium were tested with the mix, consisting of Disperse (D) Blue 35, D Yellow 3, D Orange 1 and 3, D Red 1 and 17, 1.0% each, and D Blue 106 and D Blue 124, 0.3% each....

a r t i c l e i n f o Mixed bundling (MB), in which products are sold separately and as a bundle, is a form of second degree price discrimination. In this study we examine how MB and its variants compare against reserved product pricing (RPP), a form of co-promotion. Used by Amazon.com, among others, RPP consists of the firm offering individual products and then enticing single product buyers w...

This paper builds on prior work examining pedagogical strategies for the teaching of OR/MS. In particular, the authors focus on the use of framing as a pedagogical metaframework and extend the repertoire of frames in use presented elsewhere. The purpose of framing and reframing is to improve the understanding of problems and problematic situations by providing a means of developing and synthesi...