The 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11.2 DGS) is characterized by an extreme intrafamilial and interfamilial variability. main clinical features are congenital heart defects, palatal abnormalities, learning disability, facial dysmorphisms immune deficiency. In 85–90% of cases, the DGS caused a heterozygous ~3-Mb deletion, including TBX1 gene, considered one major genes responsible for defect...

Incidence of infection time-series data for the childhood diseases measles, chicken pox, rubella and whooping cough are described in the language of multifractals. We explore the potential of using the wavelet transform maximum modulus (WTMM) method to characterize the multiscale structure of the observed time series and of simulated data generated by the stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectio...

In an epidemiological point of view the chief characteristic of the years 1862 and 1863 in Sweden, was the wide prevalence of measles. The disease began to augment in quantity in 1861. The following year (1862) it became epidemic, and pervaded the whole kingdom. During 1863 the malady declined, so that, after the first six months of the year, it may be considered to have ceased as an epidemic. ...

Among the most popular reasons that people feed wild birds is that they want to help birds. The extent to which supplemental food helps birds, however, is not well established. From spring 2011 to spring 2014, we examined how feeding of wild birds influences the health of individual birds at forested sites in central Illinois, USA. Specifically, we compared three forested sites where we provide...

Analysis of retrospective quantitative sheep pox epidemiological data from the Government Animal Husbandry Department, Karnataka, India, covering 24 years revealed significant information on sheep pox. The state has a dense sheep population including some valuable breeds. Data revealed the endemicity of the disease: there were a considerable number of outbreaks and attacks, high mortality and c...

This study describes the dynamics and epidemiology of an outbreak of avian pox in free-living, red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) in southern Spain. Between March 2000 and January 2001, 115 free-living, red-legged partridges (70 juveniles, 45 adults) were captured and radio-tagged. This, together with the necropsy of 44 carcasses (10 juveniles, 34 adults) found in the study area, and the in...

Edward Jenner, who discovered that it is possible to vaccinate against Small Pox using material from Cow Pox, is rightly the man who started the science of immunology. However, over the passage of time many of the details surrounding his astounding discovery have been lost or forgotten. Also, the environment within which Jenner worked as a physician in the countryside, and the state of the art ...

The transmission of syphilis by other means than sexual intercourse is probably commoner than we are wont to suppose. We always receive the protestations of syphilitic adults that ?coitus has not been the source of infection with a scepticism which worldly wisdom goes far to justify. But every now and again a case of acquired syphilis in a child raises a doubt whether we do not underestimate th...

This article discusses responses to disease in Aberdeen during a formative period in the provision of healthcare within the city. The foundation of King's College was followed, in 1497, by the establishment of the first royally endowed university Chair of Medicine in the British Isles, and its first incumbent, James Cumming, was employed by the local government as the first city doctor in 1503....