The Revised Observed Tasks of Daily Living (OTDL-R), a performance-based test of everyday problem solving, was administered to a sample of community-dwelling older adults. The OTDL-R included nine tasks, representing medication use, telephone use, and financial management. The OTDL-R had a desirable range of difficulty and satisfactory internal consistency and showed a relatively invariant patt...

Routines may help groups to effectively reduce coordination requirements when solving interdependent tasks. However, routine problem solving always involves the risk of a negative transfer, which appears if a routine is applied to novel problems even though it is inappropriate. In this experiment, negative transfer was produced by first teaching individuals a procedure for solving the Tower of ...

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for solving the problem of task scheduling using particle swarm optimization algorithm, with changes in the Selection and removing the guide and also using the technique to get away from the bad, to move away from local extreme and diversity. Scheduling algorithms play an important role in grid computing, parallel tasks Scheduling and sending them to ...

This paper describes the VITE system, a spatial hypertext system that supports two-way mapping for projecting structured information to a two-dimensional workspace and updating the structured information based on user interactions in the workspace. VITE uses information visualization techniques to render structured information in the workspace and provides users an environment to interact with ...

The purpose of this paper is to present results of initial experience with a clinical reasoning task which assesses two clearly defined aspects of clinical problem solving. Fourteen senior and 40 junior medical students at the University of Michigan Medical School participated in this study. They were given three clinical reasoning problems--the hypothesis generation and testing tasks (HG & T)....

The examination of user data as a basis for developing production models of user behavior has been a major focus in the PAT Algebra I Tutor's development. In recent work, we have investigated relationships between related tasks and the solution strategies displayed by students. To solve a PAT Algebra I problem, students must complete several related arithmetic and algebraic tasks. The sequences...

Learning by imitation is a powerful process for acquiring new knowledge, but there has been little research exploring imitation’s potential in the problem solving domain. Classical problem solving techniques tend to center around reinforcement learning, which requires significant trial-and-error learning to reach successful goals and problem solutions. Heuristics, hints, and reasoning by analog...