Evolutional gene expression organization has recently been studied by measuring the mRNA abundance (gene expression) for tens of thousands of genes in parallel (GeneChips arrays) [3]. These experiments on mRNA abundance have revealed that gene expression exhibits a scale-free organization, which is highly conserved in all the major five kingdoms of life, from Bacteria to Human [3]. Therefore, t...

background and aims: infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the etiological agent of infectious bronchitis (ib), which is an acute and highly contagious disease of the respiratory and sometimes the urogenital tracts of chickens. in iran, the disease has been identified in chicken flocks with serological and virus isolation methods. gene 3c (e) encode envelop (small membrane) protein. for envelope...

Aim The study aimed to assess the nature of animal origin Staphylococcus aureus strains. The study has zoonotic importance and aimed to compare virulence between two different hosts, i.e., bovine and ovine origin. Materials and Methods Conventional polymerase chain reaction-based methods used for the characterization of S. aureus strains and chick embryo model employed for the assessment of v...

red beds, conglomerates and salt were considered azoic and problematic rocks, but paleopalynology and inorganic geochemistry proved to be useful for placing them in time and space. in the early last century, in mexican ne region, only three mesozoic red bed units were differentiated, dated as late triassic to late jurassic. it was important tratigraphically to place them properly as they were c...

THE PURPOSES of this report are to describe a method to evaluate genetic components of variability using survey techniques, and to present preliminary results from the application of this method to crude measures of skin color and height, and to blood pressure. Most recent evidence suggests that the genetic contribution to the observed variability between individuals in blood pressure, systolic...