The mean time to extinction of a critical Galton–Watson process with initial population size k is shown to be asymptotically equivalent to two integral transforms: one involving the kth iterate of the probability generating function and one involving the generating function itself. Relating the growth of these transforms to the regular variation of their arguments, immediately connects statemen...

Placenta growth factor (PLGF) is a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, a group of angiogenic growth factors. Recently, isoforms have been identified. This study examined PLGF-1, PGF-2 and its receptor neuropilin-1 levels in human breast cancer in relation to patient's clinical parameters and how changes in expression may be linked to prognosis of the disease. PLGF-1,...

existence of capacity drop phenomenon, as the difference between pre-queue and queue discharge flow rates, has been one of the controversial concepts of traffic engineering. several researches have focused on capacity drop existence and also its estimation issues. this paper aims to estimate capacity drop based not only on a comparison between breakdown and queue discharge flow rates, but also ...

The author considers a batch arrival queueing system in which two types of customers (namely positive and negative) arrive. The arrival of a negative customer to a queueing system removes one positive customer who is in service if any. A cycle starts whenever the system empties and the server is turned off and stays idle in the system. The idle period ends as soon as a batch of positive custome...

During mandibular movement, condyle is subjected to repetitive compression and the mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs) can detect and respond to this biomechanical environment by altering their metabolism. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pressure to the ultrastructure, aggrecan synthesis, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin F(1)alpha(PGF(1)alpha) secretion in ...

A study was conducted to test the hypothesis that injecting Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) concurrently with Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF(2α)) followed by an injection of human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), would advance follicular growth to ovulation in Holstein heifers bearing a corpus luteum (CL). After manual examination of the CL, group 1 (PGF; n = 12) received an injection of PGF(2α...

We study a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) that multiplexes streaming Packetized Telephony (PT) and/or Video-on-Demand (VoD) traffic. To this end, the distribution of the amount of work in a discrete-time single-server queueing model with heterogeneous sources and general packet lengths is calculated. Obtaining actual data concerning the distribution of this quantity is notor...

Deriving the complete distribution of the end-to-end delay in a wireless multi-hop network is of paramount interest when delay-sensitive flows have to be conveyed over such networks. First works have proposed models to derive the total delay distribution of networks assuming the well-known IEEE802.11 DCF medium access (MAC) protocol. Current derivations can be decomposed into two main steps: (i...

This letter provides a novel, efficient numerical solution to evaluate the moment generating function of a Suzuki probability density function using the sampling theorem. Applications include outage probability calculations for mobile radio networks in Rayleigh fading and shadowing.