primary-like and weakly primary-like submodules are two new generalizations of primary ideals from rings to modules. in fact, the class of primary-like submodules of a module lie between primary submodules and weakly primary-like submodules properly.  in this note, we show that these three classes coincide when their elements are submodules of a multiplication module and satisfy the primeful pr...

Esophageal cancer (EC) is an extremely aggressive, lethal malignancy that is increasing in incidence worldwide. At present, definitive chemoradiotherapy is accepted as the standard treatment for locally advanced EC. The EC guidelines recommend a radiation dose of 50.4 Gy for definitive treatment, yet the outcomes for patients who have received standard-dose radiotherapy remain unsatisfactory. H...

Patients with retinoblastoma diagnosed from 1969 to 1980 have been followed up for periods of up to 17 years. Data from a previous study of patients diagnosed from 1962 to 1968 have been included for analysis of incidence and second primary tumours, and for study of trends in treatment. The registration rate in Britain (which may be about 10% less than the true incidence) is about one in 23,000...

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This paper focuses on the details of study design, data elements and analytical methods necessary for oncology clinical trials when the primary endpoint involves symptom control rather than treatment outcome. We will present work carried out on previous North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) Cancer Control (CC) clinical trials which involved standard and novel results which were obtainabl...

BACKGROUND A previous randomised controlled trial that investigated Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) in the UK (the REACT Study) found no clinical advantage over usual care delivered by Community Mental Health Teams (CMHTs) at 18 and 36 month follow-ups. No studies have investigated long term clinical and social outcomes for patients receiving ACT. METHOD We investigated inpatient service ...

background and aim: formocresol (fc) is yet, the most common medication used for pulpotomy of primary teeth. however, its potential hazards including toxicity, mutagenicity and even some degrees of carcinogenicity are the remaining sources of concern to clinicians. this investigation was aimed at comparing the clinical success level of mta (case) treated pulps of primary teeth to that of formoc...