the paper presents an analysis of both energy intensity and energy demand for the italianindustrial sector. the aim of the paper is twofold: making a decomposition of energy intensity at the aggregate level and modeling energy demand at the firm level. the decomposition of energy intensity shows different patterns for the different sub-sectors in the period of interest. in the micro approach, p...

In this paper, the problem of determining the quality level, lead time for order delivery and price of a product produced by a manufacturer is considered. In this problem the demand for the product is influenced by all three decision variables: price, lead time and quality level. To formulate the demand function, a fuzzy rule base that estimates the demand value based on the three decision vari...

in this paper, the residential demand for electricity equation is specified and then this equation is estimated using a pooling data for period 1983-90. the results of study for different regions of province show that the demand is less elastic with respect to average price of electricity and residential area, .but it is more elastic with respect to income and average number of households. thes...

a model of the iranian wheat market is specified and fitted to data from 1981-2008. severaldiagnostic tests were employed in the analysis to determine the specification of the model. despitethe simplicity of the model and data problems, an examination of the econometric model leads toseveral conclusions with possible important policy implications for the wheat economy in iran.the general result...

demand management is one of the main subjects in marketing which affects the operations performance of an organization considerably. in the classic production planning approach, demand is considered as an exogenous factor in planning, while in the new approach, it is a factor that can be controlled. in this paper, we focus on a new approach in supply chain planning and present an integrated pro...

abstract marketing element’s contrastive behaviors toward price risk had considerable effect on marketing margin in a way that transferring increase in price to final consumer, reduces purchasing power and so consumption amounts of consumers. present study evaluated effective parameters on marketing margin in 2 level of ranch-processing and processing- retail of beef and lamb with consideration...