The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy to prevent motherto-child HIV transmission (MTCT) was first established in 1994. In that study by Connor and colleagues (PACTG 076) both mother and infant were treated with long courses of zidovudine, which reduced HIV transmission from 25 to 8% [1]. Since then, improved interventions in industrialized nations have further reduced MTCT rates to less than 2...

Although empirical studies have indicated that parents have an important role in preventing Internet gaming disorder in adolescents, longitudinal research on the parental predictors of Internet gaming disorder is lacking. We used a three-wave cross-lagged panel model to explore the reciprocal association between parental monitoring and Internet gaming disorder, and examined the different impact...

A high-fat high-sugar (HF-HS) diet promotes cancer development and progression. However, does the timing of diet matter? This is an important question with profound public health relevance. By exposing mice to a HF-HS diet either through feeding to a pregnant mother or nursing mother or after weaning and then chemically inducing breast cancer, the authors found the most crucial time for breast ...

ents and also specifically for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in relation to pregnancy and childbirth. In this report we review the consequences that have been demonstrated for children following in utero exposure of these drugs. We focus mainly on the groups of drugs that are known to be potentially genotoxic (NRTIs). The risk of cancer-development is the concern that...

Pregnancy is associated with a hypercoagulable state. Women requiring anticoagulation need careful attention throughout pregnancy and the post-partum period. The choice of anticoagulant therapy, the degree of monitoring, and the therapeutic target should be modulated by balancing the risks and the benefits to the mother and fetus. Many of the available anticoagulant agents may be used safely in...

INTRODUCTION The sexual and reproductive health of people living with HIV is fundamental for their well-being. Antiretroviral therapy and reproductive technologies have significantly improved quality of life of people living with HIV in developed countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, the epicenter of HIV, the sexual practices and fertility of women infected with HIV have been understudied. AIM To...

conclusions according to the findings of this study, it is essential that health professionals and officials of the ministry of health train mothers about the time, trends, and factors affecting the start of puberty using a multi-dimensional approach that involves religious organizations, community groups, and peer groups. data sources this meta-analysis study was based on english articles publ...

introduction: one of the most common complaints in pregnancy is sleep disturbances which can cause depression. depression, too, is one of the most common complaints in pregnancy that can affect mother and fetus and even mother and neonate in postpartum period. therefore this research was accomplished by the objective assessment of relationship between sleep pattern and depression in the third t...