BACKGROUND Candida species is the third commonest cause of sepsis among neonates. Colonization by Candida is a predictor for candidemia among preterm neonates. OBJECTIVES To determine prevalence of early Candida colonization and early outcome among colonized preterm neonates admitted to Mulago hospital Special Care Unit. METHODS A prospective observational cohort was conducted between Decem...

Group B beta-haemolytic Streptococcus (GBS) may cause severe septic shock and death in neonates, whereas this is rarely the case in adults. As impaired red blood cell (RBC) deformability might disturb microcirculation in septic shock, the in vitro effects of GBS (1.7 x 10(8) cfu/ml) on RBC deformation (rheoscope) and haemolysis were studied in blood from preterm infants, term neonates, and adul...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Preterm infants are managed with antibiotics for sepsis, including suspected or probable sepsis. This leads to a delayed and abnormal colonization of the gut with potentially pathogenic organisms and a microbiome, which lacks biodiversity and increases the risk for late-onset sepsis (LOS). Probiotics have been proven to reduce the risk for necrotizing enterocolitis, but ...

Introduction Many preterm neonates require mechanical ventilation immediately after birth to facilitate lung aeration and gas exchange, and to trigger the cardiovascular transition [1]. Despite the necessity of resuscitation, the initiation of mechanical ventilation can cause brain injury in preterm neonates, particularly if delivered with injurious high tidal volumes [2,3]. Intrauterine inflam...

Because human fetuses of 26-30 weeks gestation are known to have low levels of intestinal mucosal lactase activity, it has been assumed that live born preterm neonates of comparable gestational age are also lactase deficient. We have previously shown that disaccharidase activities in jejunal fluid in infants are highly significantly correlated with enzyme activities in the adjacent mucosa. We h...

background:  a great number of premature neonates do not tolerate sufficient milk during the early neonatal period.   objective: to evaluate the effect of oral erythromycin on enhancement of feeding tolerance in preterm newborns.   methods: sixty preterm neonates intolerant to milk of >75 ml/kg/day during 5 days after the start of feedings, were randomized into a treatment and a control groups....

Changes in ventricular size and brain parenchyma were documented in 40 preterm neonates with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), who were serially examined for 3 weeks or more. Sonography disclosed a close relation between the severity of the intracranial hemorrhage and the development of progressive ventricular dilatation. Eighty percent of preterm neonates with minor degrees of intracranial hemorr...

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating condition that may result in death or severe neurologic deficits in children. Neuroimaging with cranial ultrasound (US), computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are valuable tools in the workup of patients with HIE. The pattern of brain injury depends on the severity and duration of hypoxia and degree of brain maturation...

Objective: We aimed to compare the perinatal outcomes in late preterm spontaneous and indicated birth neonates. Methods: We studied 289 late preterm births, classified as either aspontaneous late preterm birth (sLPTB) group (preterm labor with intact membranes and preterm premature rupture of membranes) or an indicated late preterm birth (iLPTB) group (hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, placen...

Dysfunction of the transition from fetal to neonatal circulatory systems may be a major contributor to poor outcome following preterm birth. Evidence exists in the human for both a period of low flow between 5 and 11 h and a later period of increased flow, suggesting a hypoperfusion-reperfusion cycle over the first 24 h following birth. Little is known about the regulation of peripheral blood f...