INDIAN PEDIATRICS 519 VOLUME 45_JUNE 17, 2008 I read with great interest the recent editorial “Improving Status of Neonatal Health in India”(1). We know from SEARCH trial (Gadchiroli), and from the example of Sri Lanka that investments in Level I and II care can bring significant reductions in neonatal mortality(1). We, however, rarely discuss overcoming negative parental attitudes in a large s...

Change in the policy and ideology governing social health care has been much debated Western welfare states, including Finland, where public sector witnessed a shift towards market managerial climate of austerity. These changes affect organisations as well individual workers. Social workers implement policies their daily work, are thus positioned between clients. This may expose them to feeling...

For strategy formulation, it is important to understand who the poor are, where they live, and what is their source of livelihoods. Poverty is multi-dimensional and extends from low levels of income and consumption to poor health and lack of education to other ‘non-material’ dimensions of well being, including gender disparities, insecurity, powerlessness and social exclusion. A good understand...

This article presents the methodological bases that guide the development of instruments to measure psychosocial variables. It describes the theoretical, empirical or experimental and analytical and exemplifies the theoretical steps through the experience of developing an instrument to measure powerlessness as a nursing diagnosis. The most difficult procedures for developing instruments to are ...

The author defines hysteria in terms of specific observable classes of interpersonal behaviors and examines the impact of these behaviors on the receiver. The hysteric communicates frailty and helplessness, thus structuring the interpersonal environment to ensure attention and inhibit aggression. The development of these roles is shown in histories of female hysterics, who were selectively rein...

In the aftermath of disasters it is not uncommon for a large number of individuals, ranging from professional technical responders to untrained, albeit well meaning, volunteers, to converge on site of a disaster in order to offer to help victims or other responders. Because volunteers can be both a help and a hindrance in disaster response, they pose a paradox to professional responders at the ...

Westerners habitually think in analytical ways, whereas East Asians tend to favor holistic styles of thinking. We replicated this difference but showed that it disappeared after control deprivation (Experiment 1). Brief experiences of control deprivation, which stimulate increased desire for control, caused Chinese participants to shift toward Western-style analytical thinking in multiple ways ...

Overshadowing is a process known in behavioral science that occurs when two stimuli of different strengths are applied simultaneously to a nonhuman animal. Typically, the stronger stimulus overshadows the weaker one, resulting in attenuation of the weaker stimulus. This phenomenon explains ways in which the decreased responsiveness and consequent conflict behaviors (and possibly learned helples...

Expansion of urban tourism in historic districts in European cities is putting increasing pressure on these areas as places to live. In Amsterdam, an ever-growing number of tourists visit the famous canal district, which also forms the home of a group of long-term, upper-middle-class residents. While such residents are generally depicted as instigators of urban transformation, in this case, the...