During the inflation phase of intermittent positive pressure ventilation gas is compressed in the tubes and connections between the valves of the ventilator and the patient. In machines where the valves are an integral part of the mechanism of the ventilator, and are therefore situated at some distance from the patient, the volume of gas compressed in the collecting tubes may be appreciable. Th...

Severe respiratory failure in a patient with obstructive sleep apnoea was treated successfully with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation is a non-invasive method of respiratory support originally developed for the treatment of chest wall and neuromuscular disorders.'2 Recent studies suggest that this technique may be applicable to a ...

Introduction Pressure-support ventilation improves lung mechanics, blood gas exchange, hemodynamics, and work of breathing (WOB) in mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [1,2]. Nevertheless, those beneficial effects could be dependent of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) applied during mechanical ventilation. So far, no study has compared pressure-support ventilation (PSV) with ...

* Study carried out at the University of Hospital do Câncer (Cancer Hospital), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 1. Masters in Physiotherapy from the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP, Federal University of São Paulo) School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 2. Masters in Physiotherapy from the University of São Paulo (USP) School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 3. Physiot...

Objective—To investigate the eVects of cuirass negative pressure ventilation on the cardiac output of a group of anaesthetised children after occlusion of an asymptomatic persistent arterial duct, and a group of paediatric patients in the early postoperative period following cardiopulmonary bypass. Design—Prospective study. Setting—The paediatric intensive care unit and catheter laboratory of a...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of cuirass negative pressure ventilation on the cardiac output of a group of anaesthetised children after occlusion of an asymptomatic persistent arterial duct, and a group of paediatric patients in the early postoperative period following cardiopulmonary bypass. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING The paediatric intensive care unit and catheter laboratory...

1 Bach JR. Alba AS, Bohatiuk G, Saporito L, Lee M. Mouth intermittent positive pressure ventilation in the management of post-polio respiratory insufficiency. Chest 1987; 91:859-64 2 Bach JR. O’Brien J, Krotenberg R, Alba A. Management of end stage respiratory failure in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 1987; 10:177-82 3 Bach JR. Alba AS, Mosher R, Delaubier A. Intermittent positive pr...

Changes in the mean pulmonary wedge pressure were measured during temporary disconnection from a ventilator in 29 patients to assess the effects of therapy with controlled-volume ventilation on determinations of pulmonary wedge pressure. In 16 observations performed during therapy with intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, the mean value for the pulmonary wedge pressure was the same (10.3...

Background. Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is a mode of mechanical ventilation that theoretically believed to improve cardiac output by lowering right atrial pressure. However, hemodynamic parameters have never been formally assessed. Methods. Seven healthy swine were intubated and sedated. A baseline assessment of conventional ventilation (assist control) and positive end-expirator...

Table 1. Standard air density as a function of elevation above sea level (at 70F and 50% relative humidity). M echanical ventilation can be divided into three types: negative-, positive-, and neutral-pressure ventilation. Negativepressure systems use fans to exhaust air, thereby creating a slight partial vacuum that draws fresh air in from outdoors. Negative-pressure ventilation systems are use...