PURPOSE This study explored the lived experiences of Thai women in relation to alcohol addiction in treatment. METHODS Twelve women aged 20 to 65 years, were participated. The participants were recruited from two special hospitals and one outpatient clinic in a general hospital. Descriptive phenomenology was applied to analyze the transcripts of the individual interviews. RESULT The explore...

radiotherapy is one of the most common treatments of cancer that are used alone or with the combination of other treatments. radiotherapy are used before surgery for tumor shrinking, pain relief, wound healing or prevention of continues bleedings. in this paper, types of radiotherapy and safety principles for nurses are considered. there are three basic methods for radiotherapy: teletherapy, br...

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of physical embodiment in human–agent interaction. Experiment 1 (N 1⁄4 32) shows positive effects of physical embodiment on the feeling of an agent’s social presence, the evaluation of the agent, the assessment of public evaluation of the agent, and the evaluation of the interaction with the agent. A path analysis reveals that the feelin...

OBJECTIVES The personality of medical students may have an important impact on both their academic performance and emotional adjustment during medical school. There has been little systematic study of the impact of perfectionism on medical students. The present study sought to compare the perfectionism profile of medical students with that of a general arts student group and to examine the rela...

Adjusting input-output gain is crucial for information processing by the brain. Gain control of subthreshold depolarization is commonly ascribed to increased membrane conductance caused by shunting inhibition. But contrary to its divisive effect on depolarization, shunting inhibition on its own fails to divisively modulate firing rate, apparently upsetting a critical tenet of neural models that...

There has been much debate about the psychosocial effects of predictive genetic testing in minors. The majority of this debate has been theoretical, with little empirical evidence published. We conducted in-depth interviews with 18 young people who had undergone testing, to explore the range of harms and benefits that they perceived were associated with their tests. Participants were eight indi...

extractthere are some hypothesis that the children do not feel pain. these assumptions are based on circumstantial and theoretical evidence. this theory believes that children, especially infants are not able to understand the pain because their nervous system is immature. however, these assumptions are acceptable for all of people except about children. there is evidence that children continuo...