The proteasome, a multicatalytic protease, is known to degrade unfolded polypeptides with low specificity in substrate selection and cleavage pattern. This lack of well-defined substrate specificities makes the design of peptide-based highly selective inhibitors extremely difficult. However, the x-ray structure of the proteasome from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals a unique topography of the s...

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential component in the electron-transport systems of mitochondria and bacteria and is often used as a supplementary treatment for some diseases. We previously reported that the bioavailability of CoQ10 powder was less than 10%. In this study, we investigated various preparations to improve the intestinal absorption of CoQ10 with focus on the effect of emulsificati...

The interaction forces provided by silicone polyether (SPE) surfactants, adsorbed at the interface of octadecyltrichlorosilan monolayer and aqueous surfactant solution, were measured by atomic force microscopy. Changes in the forces in the presence of ethanol were examined for a series of comb-type SPE surfactants. It was found that the steric repulsion provided by the SPE molecules persisted u...

Fullerene (C(60)), the third carbon allotrope, is a classical engineered material with the potential application in biomedicine. However, extremely high hydrophobicity of fullerene hampers its direct biomedical evaluation and application. In this work, we investigated the solubilization of fullerene using 9 different solubility enhancers: Tween 20, Tween 60, Tween 80, Triton X-100, PVP, polyoxy...

Lyon, Richard H. (Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn.), Herman C. Lichstein, and Wendell H. Hall. Effect of Tween 80 on the growth of tubercle bacilli in aerated cultures. J. Bacteriol. 86:280-284. 1963.-The effect of Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate), glucose, and glycerol on aerated and stationary growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H(37)Ra was examined i...

In the horse, drug metabolism has been shown to be complex, but little is known about the proteins involved in these processes [l]. As a result of work on the purification of equine Cytochrome P450 enzymes, an epoxide hydrolase has been purified [2]. Epoxide hydrolases catalyse the hydration of biologically active epoxides formed during the metabolism of many drugs and mutagenic compounds [3]. ...