The utilization of wastewater as a community surveillance method grew during the COVID-19 epidemic. hospitalizations are closely connected with viral signals, and increases in signals can serve an early warning indication for rising hospital admissions. While reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is most often used approach detecting SARS-CoV-2 wastewater, chemi...

Wild bird carcasses were collected through passive monitoring of wild bird mortality. In necropsy, brain samples were taken from dead wild birds in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Samples were used for detection of West Nile virus by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). No WNV nucleic acid was detected by RT-PCR. In the light of the data presented there is no evidence of wild bird mor...

BACKGROUND Canine distemper virus (CDV) has been associated with outbreaks of canine infectious respiratory disease in shelters and boarding kennel environments. POCKITTM Nucleic Acid Analyzer is a field-deployable device capable of generating automatically interpreted insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (iiPCR) results from extracted nucleic acid within one hour. In this study, reve...

Several methods for the detection of Borna disease virus (BDV) RNA have been reported, one being the reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR) method. However, due to the possibility of contamination of the cloned DNA in a reaction tube, false-positive results might be obtained by RT-nested PCR. To detect only BDV RNA without anxiety of contamination, we developed a...

Measurement of mRNA levels across tissue samples facilitates an understanding of how genes function and what their roles are in disease. Quantifying low-abundance mRNA requires a workflow that preserves spatial information, isolates RNA, and performs reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). This is complex because these steps are typically performed in three separ...

Background and Aims: Canine distemper (CD) is a deadly infectious disease of Canidae family. CD is a multi-systemic viral disease and is specified by wide range of clinical symptoms. The manifestations are not always indicative of CD, therefore a laboratory confirmation is necessary for suspected cases. Materials and Methods: Different clinical specimens of 19 CD suspected unvaccinated dogs wer...

Abbreviations: ALT: Alanine Transaminase; AST: Aspartate Transaminase; BMI: Body Mass Index; CMV: Cytomegalovirus; Cnis: Calcineurin Inhibitors; Csa: Cyclosporine; FK Or FK-506: Tacrolimus; GRWR: Graft Recipient Weight Ratio; HAI: Histological Activity Index; HCC: Hepatocellular Carcinoma; HCV: Hepatitis C Virus; HCV RNA: Hepatitis C Virus Ribonuclic Acid; HPB: Hepatopancreatobiliary;LDLT: Livi...