Aquatic organisms can take up organic pollutants from their environment and subsequently excrete the pollutant or its biotransformation products (metabolites). Phase II (conjugation) biotransformation products are almost always less toxic than the unmetabolized organic pollutant. For many organic pollutants, the extent to which conjugates are formed is extremely important in determining the rat...

The lack a of standard approach for presenting contaminant remediation kinetics using the UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation process (AOP) for water treatment hampers efforts to cross-interpret results and apply literature data for the prediction of treatment efficiencies in new experimental settings. Properly weighted UV fluence rates can be used to define parameters for assessing the UV/H2O2 AOP that...

Abstract In this paper, a highly sensitive water pollutant optical sensor is proposed and analyzed. The suggested consists of photonic crystal fiber with core surrounded by four elliptical holes infiltrated the studied analyte (pure/polluted sample). addition, two gold nanorods are mounted horizontally at inner surfaces horizontal holes. can efficiently detect dissolved pollutants in such as ni...

The word "electrocoagulation" (EC) will be sometimes used with "electroflotation" (EF) and can be considered as the electrocoagulation/flotation (ECF) process. Through the process of electrolysis, coagulating agents such as metal hydroxides are produced. When aluminium electrodes are used, the aluminium dissolves at the anode and hydrogen gas is released at the cathode. The coagulating agent co...

An explosion in a petrochemical plant in Jilin in the northeast of China on 13 November 2005 was responsible for the discharge of large quantities of benzene and nitrobenzene into Songhua River. This endangered the water supply of Harbin city and influenced the daily life for millions of people. The dispersion-advection equation was solved analytically and numerically and used to simulate the c...

Water quality samples are typically collected less frequently than flow since water quality sampling is costly. Load Estimator (LOADEST), provided by the United States Geological Survey, is used to predict water quality concentration (or load) on days when flow data are measured so that the water quality data are sufficient for annual pollutant load estimation. However, there is a need to ident...

Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is considered the main reason for water deterioration, but there has been no attempt to incorporate vertical variations of NPS pollution into watershed management, especially in mountainous areas. In this study, the vertical variations of pollutant yields were explored in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (TGRR) and the relationships between topographic attribute...

Urban runoff is perceived as a large source of pollutant inputs to the ocean, but no mass emission monitoring programs have been established to assess this discharge. Recently, however, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits for urban runoff discharges were issued to stormwater management agencies on a regional (county-wide) basis and the 1994-95 water year represents the first...

Drinking water for approximately one sixth of US households is obtained from private wells. These wells can become contaminated by pollutant chemicals or pathogenic organisms, leading to significant illness. Although the US Environmental Protection Agency and all states offer guidance for construction, maintenance, and testing of private wells, there is little regulation, and with few exception...