BACKGROUND There are several scales used to detect apathy in disease populations. Since apathy is a prevalent symptom in many neurodegenerative diseases, this is an especially important context in which to identify and compare scales. AIMS To provide an overview of apathy scales validated in generic and specific neurodegenerative disease populations, compare validation studies' methodological...

Apathy is characterized by lack of interest, loss of initiative, and flattening of affect. It is a frequent, very disabling nonmotor complication of Parkinson's disease (PD). The condition may notably occur when dopaminergic medications are tapered after the initiation of subthalamic stimulation and thus can be referred to as "dopaminergic apathy." Even in the absence of tapering, some patients...

Background: Apathy occurs frequently in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), and has a negative impact on activities of daily living through loss of motivation. Pramipexole (PPX), which shows preferential affinity for D3 dopamine receptor in the mesolimbic system, is thought to influence mood and motivation. Therefore, we conducted an open-label case-control study to examine the effect of PP...

Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are relevant since they are frequent and cause distress to caregivers. However, they may not be reported by physicians due to the priority usually attributed to cognitive symptoms. Objectives To verify whether BPSD is being systematically investigated by physicians even in specialized settings and whether their records on medical files ...

BACKGROUND Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with the development of postoperative apathy. Debate on the causes of postoperative apathy continues, and the dominant hypothesis is that stimulation or dopaminergic drug reductions are causal in its development. We hypothesized that a preoperative predisposition to apathy also could ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stroke survivors are often described as apathetic. Because apathy may be a barrier to participation in promising therapies, more needs to be learned about apathy symptoms after stroke. The specific objective was to estimate the extent to which apathy changes with time over the first year after stroke and the impact of apathy on recovery. METHODS The Apathy Assessed coho...

Lack of motivation, or apathy, is a clinically significant feature among dementia patients. The current study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a brief emotional shaping intervention developed to reduce apathy and increase willingness-to-do in Alzheimer's Dementia patients. To this end, 26 Alzheimer patients diagnosed with apathy according to the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES, Marin et al.,19...

background: childhood aggression, particularly in preschoolers, is one of the most common behavioral problems throughout the world. therefore, it is important to identify the predictors of this problem. this study was conducted to determine the predictors of physical and verbal aggression in preschoolers. methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on preschoolers in rasht in ...

Apathy, or a lack of motivation, has been increasingly recognized as a distinct psychiatric syndrome. Apathy is primarily a dysfunction of the frontal-subcortical circuit and is associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's disease. Apathy is associated with a number of adverse outcomes, including apparent cognitive impairment, decreased daily function, poor insight i...