We obtain the Hölder regularity of time derivative of solutions to the dual semigeostrophic equations in two dimensions when the initial potential density is bounded away from zero and infinity. Our main tool is an interior Hölder estimate in two dimensions for an inhomogeneous linearized Monge-Ampère equation with right hand side being the divergence of a bounded vector field. As a further app...

The conformational behaviour of Ac-Ala-NHMe was studied in the gas-phase and in solution by theoretical calculations (B3LYP-D3/aug-cc-pVDZ level) and experimental (1)H NMR. The conformational preferences of this compound were shown to result from a complex interplay between the strengths of possible intramolecular hydrogen bonds, steric interactions, hyperconjugation, entropy effects and the ov...

5-Azido-4-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazolium hexafluoridophosphate was synthesized from the corresponding 5-bromo compound with NaN3. Reaction with bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene yielded a tricyclic aziridine, addition of an N-heterocyclic carbene resulted in a triazatrimethine cyanine, and reduction with triphenylphosphane gave the 5-amino derivative. The crystal structures of three nitrogen-...

A number of per-6-substituted cyclodextrin derivative syntheses have been effectively carried out in a planetary ball mill under solvent-free conditions. The preparation of Bridion® and important per-6-amino/thiocyclodextrin intermediates without polar aprotic solvents, a source of byproducts and persistent impurities, could be performed. Isolation and purification processes could also be simpl...

The title compound, C12H16Cl4, is a derivative of the natural product 1-isopropyl-4-methyl-cyclo-hexa-1,4-diene, and represents a diastereomer with two trans-fused cyclo-propane rings. Both enanti-omers are present in the non-centrosymmetric polar space group Pna21. The central cyclo-hexane ring is planar within 0.02 (1) Å. The C atoms of di-chloro-methyl-ene groups deviate from this plane by 1...

The use of high-throughput screening allowed for the optimization of reaction conditions for the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative alkylation reaction of enolate-stabilized enol carbonates. Changing to a non-polar reaction solvent and to an electron-deficient PHOX derivative as ligand from our standard reaction conditions improved the enantioselectivity for the alkylation of a keta...

The photophysics of the dye Lucifer Yellow ethylenediamine (LYen) has been investigated in various polar solvents. The main deactivation pathways of its first singlet excited state are the fluorescence and the intersystem crossing. In water, non-radiative decay by intermolecular proton transfer becomes a significant deactivation channel. The early fluorescence dynamics, which was investigated i...

Adopting the Lindblom-Detweiler formalism for polar oscillations of neutron stars, we study the w-mode oscillation and find that the Lagrangian change in pressure, measured by the physical quantity X , is negligibly small. Based on this observation, we develop the generalised inverse-Cowling approximation (GICA) with the approximation X = X ′ = 0, where X ′ is the derivative of X with respect t...

A new host molecule, having two azacrown derivatives bridged by luminescent naphthalene diimide functionality, is found to form a [3]pseudorotaxane derivative with imidazolim ion-based guest molecules in non-polar solvents through hydrogen-bonded adduct formation. Depending upon the length of the covalent linker that links the imidazolium ion and the luminescent naphthalene fragment in the gues...

In this paper, we first give a characterization of sub-topical functions with respect to their lower level sets and epigraph. Next, by using two different classes of elementary functions, we present a characterization of sub-topical functions with respect to their polar functions, and investigate the relation between polar functions and support sets of this class of functions. Finally, we obtai...