Stroke-induced immunosuppression contributes to the development of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Experiments in mice demonstrated that apoptosis IFN-γ producing cells and reduced secretion resulted impaired immune responses after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). In present study, we investigated efficacy intratracheal treatment prevent SAP modest benefits on pulmonary cytokine resp...

BACKGROUND Invasive pneumococcal infections such as pneumonia, bacteraemia and meningitis are severe and often fatal. In recent years, pneumococcal resistance to penicillin has been a problem in many countries. We, in this retrospective study analysed the case records of culture proven pneumococcal infections seen over a period of seven at a rural tertiary health care centre in Karnataka and st...

Intravenous inoculations of from 1 to 3 cc. per kilo of body weight of a bouillon culture of virulent pneumococci produce septicemia and meningitis in dogs. The injected pneumococci leave the circulation rapidly, but begin to reinvade the blood from 24 to 48 hours later. The septicemia reaches its climax between the 4th and 5th days and then abruptly declines, the blood becoming sterile within ...

Infection by pneumococci causes an acute inflammatory response associated with neutrophil influx, increased vascular permeability, and edema. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most potent regulators of endothelial permeability. In vitro stimulation of neutrophils showed that pneumococci and purified pneumococcal cell wall induce VEGF secretion, independent of the presence ...

EVIDENCE HAS BEEN PRESENTED: (1) that macrophages from experimentally produced inflammatory exudates are capable of phagocyting fully encapsulated Type I pneumococci and group A Friedländer's bacilli in the absence of antibody, (2) that the principal mechanisms involved are those of surface phagocytosis, and (3) that the majority of pneumococci ingested by macrophages in antibody-free preparati...

For 260 pneumococcal and 266 staphylococcal strains, ranbezolid MICs ranged from < or =0.06 to 4 micro g/ml. The MICs for pneumococci were similar irrespective of the strains' beta-lactam, macrolide, or quinolone susceptibilities, and ranbezolid MICs for coagulase-negative staphylococci were lower than those for Staphylococcus aureus. Ranbezolid was bacteriostatic against pneumococci. Ranbezoli...

1. Young and adult rabbits react differently to intracutaneous injection of virulent pneumococci. In adult rabbits a very extensive inflammation develops at the site of infection and bacteriemia and death occur only in a relatively few rabbits. Young rabbits fail to develop extensive inflammation and die with bacteriemia. 2. It is probable that the fate of the animals is influenced by the capac...

Exposure of monkeys to aerosols of influenza virus followed later by aerosols of Diplococcus pneumoniae resulted in persistence of the bacteria in the upper respiratory tract for an average of 28 days. Examination of selected tissues for pneumococci revealed that pneumococci were widely disseminated throughout the respiratory tract at 3 and 7 days after exposure, but were cleared from lower res...