Background: Air in broiler houses is contaminated with considerable amounts of microbial aerosols, which affects the health of humans and birds. Thorough cleaning and disinfecting should be carried out to reduce particulate concentrations and minimize airborne microorganisms. Aims: To evaluate the effects of cleaning and disinfecting measures on bacterial commu...

We implemented a spatial model for analysing PM 10 maxima across the Mexico City metropolitan area during the period 1995-2016. We assumed that these maxima follow a non-identical generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution and modeled the trend by introducing multivariate smoothing spline functions into the probability GEV distribution. A flexible, three-stage hierarchical Bayesian approach w...

Objective(s): Particulate matter (PM) exposure can promote cardiac ischemia and myocardial damage. The effects of PM10 on hemodynamic parameters, lipid peroxidation, and infarct size induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury and the protective effects of vanillic acid (VA) in isolated rat heart were investigated. Materials and Methods: Eighty male Wistar rats (250–300 g) were divided into 8 groups...

AIMS This study was designed to evaluate the association between urban air pollutants and emergency admissions for cerebrovascular diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS Daily emergency admissions for cerebrovascular diseases (ICD-9-CM, 430-437) to the National Taiwan University Hospital were regressed against daily concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), sulphur dioxide (SO(...

BACKGROUND During the last week of June 2008, central and northern California experienced thousands of forest and brush fires, giving rise to a week of severe fire-related particulate air pollution throughout the region. California experienced PM(10-2.5) (particulate matter with mass median aerodynamic diameter > 2.5 mum to < 10 mum; coarse ) and PM(2.5) (particulate matter with mass median aer...

Epidemiologic and animal studies have shown that exposure to particulate matter air pollution (PM) is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Whether PM-induced lung and systemic inflammation is involved in this process is not clear. We hypothesized that PM exposure causes lung and systemic inflammation, which in turn leads to vascular endothelial dysfunction, a key step in the in...

Epidemiologic studies of the link between particulate matter (PM) concentrations and mortality rates have yielded a range of estimates, leading to disagreement about the magnitude of the relationship and the strength of the causal connection. Previous meta-analyses of this literature have provided pooled effect estimates, but have not addressed between-study variability that may be associated w...

tehran is located in a valley at the foot of the alborz mountains in northern iran (35 degrees latitude north). urban expansion in tehran resulted from a high rate of population growth and rural-urban migration combined with a strong tradition of centralization in the capital. airborne particulate of tehran&apos;s atmosphere was fractionated in a 6-stage high-volume cascade impactor. the first ...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to use specifically designed tasks to capture time-based, activity-based, and event-based prospective memory (PM) performance in typically developing school-age children. METHOD Two PM tasks (Fishing Game & Happy Week) were used to examine the developmental patterns of PM in these children. Retrospective memory (RM) was also examined in these tasks. A total of 120 c...

Epidemiologic studies have shown an association between exposure to ambient particulate air pollution <10 microm in diameter (PM(10)) and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We previously showed that PM(10) exposure causes progression of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. We postulate that the recruitment of monocytes from the circulation into atherosclerotic lesions is a key s...