A novel nanogap fabrication method using an electrochemical nanopatterning technique is presented. Electrochemical deposition of platinum ions reduces the microgap size to the sub-50-nm range due to the self-limited volume expansion of the electrodes. Additionally, the low crystallinity of platinum reduces the line edge roughness in the electrodes, whereas the high crystallinity of gold increas...

Anaerobic digestion is the most widely process used for the stabilisation of. Phosphorus Precipitation in Anaerobic Digestion Process. E-Book PDF.treatment can achieve excellent phosphorus removals, however it can also influence the process of anaerobic digestion. From pdf preview for outlook 2007 free download monitoring the performance of. The pdf vi jn3 anaerobic digestion of excess sludge b...

Investigations concerning the level of iodine in the blood have been an aid in the better understanding of the metabolism of iodine in normal individuals and in patients with goiter. Experimental studies have established a relation between the thyroid gland and the metabolism of iodine. Clinical observations have shown that. the abnormal physiological processes manifest in exophthalmic goiter m...

Formation of magnetite nanocrystals by magnetotactic bacteria is controlled by specific proteins which regulate the particles' nucleation and growth. One such protein is Mms6. This small, amphiphilic protein can self-assemble and bind ferric ions to aid in magnetite formation. To understand the role of Mms6 during in vitro iron oxide precipitation we have performed in situ pH titrations. We fin...

This publication deals with the spatially resolved simulation of a sodium–iodine secondary battery. The anode compartment consists molten sodium and cathode contains high-conductivity metal disc as electrode an aqueous catholyte. latter comprises iodide, triiodide, dissolved iodine, ions. A finite volume approach is proposed to model transport processes electrochemical reactions focusing on pos...

In Aurelia aurita, applied iodine induces medusa formation (strobilation). This process also occurs when the temperature is lowered. This was found to increase oxidative stress resulting in an increased production of iodine from iodide. One polyp produces several medusae (initially termed ephyrae) starting at the polyp's oral end. The spreading of strobilation down the body column is controlled...

Combinatorial screening of electrochemical catalysts by current-voltage methods can be unwieldy for large sample sizes. By converting the ions generated in an electrochemical half-cell reaction to a fluorescence signal, the most active compositions in a large electrode array have been identified. A fluorescent acid-base indicator was used to image high concentrations of hydrogen ions, which wer...

Silver ion can perturb the Belousov-Zhabotinskii (B-Z) oscillating chemical reaction. Therefore, the B-Z oscillating system was applied in the determination of silver ion by using a platinum wire as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric method. The amplitude of the potentiometric oscillation increased linearly in proportion to [Ag+] in the range of 9.42 x 10(-6) M to 2.54 x 10(-4) M, wit...

In the absence of an intrinsic dipole magnetic field, Mars’ O planetary ions are accelerated by the solar wind. Because of their large gyroradius, a population of these planetary ions can precipitate back into Mars’ upper atmosphere with enough energy to eject neutrals into space via collision. This process, referred to as sputtering, may have been a dominant atmospheric loss process during ear...

In this demonstration, we show a qualitative analysis of sulfite ions in white wine with strontium ions. In base solution, a white precipitation occurs from strontium sulfite that disappears after a strong acid is added. This demonstration nicely illustrates chemical equilibrium in a school chemistry experiment.