Introduction Ionising radiation is widely used in medicine, industry and education. Most people are familiar with medical applications for diagnosis and treatment of disease. However the public at large is probably not aware just how commonly it is used in industry. Such uses include: the measurement and control of various processes e.g. liquid levels in bottling and canning plants and the thic...

This paper examines the impact of industrial policy on capital structure based on a partial adjustment model of capital structure that incorporates financial flexibility, macroeconomic conditions, economic development as well as firm-level factors. The issue is investigated in the context of Taiwan where industrial policy is widely considered to have played a strategic role in its economic succ...

Food is an important material for survival. The increasing world population, urbanization, and globalization are responsible more food. This has increased challenges in food storage safety. Therefore, it necessary to preserve by suitable packaging materials. materials useful giving longer life the improving quality during transportation, distribution. Innovations developments packaging, have be...

How strongly and how quickly will the disruptive changes in auto manufacture impact on the plastics industry? This question lay at the heart of the 11th Akro Dia(hr)log conference held on May 9 and 10 in Niederzissen, Germany. Some 120 customers, development partners, and interested participants were welcomed by Akro-Plastic GmbH at their headquarters. With “Automotive industry, quo vadis?”, An...

Density is one of the most prevalent physical property used to classify and characterise fluids, not only in the environmental, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food and beverage industries, but also in hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI). Petroleum products are everywhere in today’s life, and have become almost natural parts of the modern world. Numerous products used on a daily basis are der...

1.1 Manufacturing processes Major industries with exposure to strong inorganic acid mists include those that manufacture phosphate fertilizer, isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol), synthetic ethanol (ethyl alcohol), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and lead batteries. Exposure also occurs during copper smelting, and pickling and other acid treatment of metals (Suresh, 2009). Minor uses of sulfuric acid i...

This strongly alkaline chemical is widely used in industry as a feed stock for nitrogen-based chemicals such as fertilizers, plastics and explosives (ATSDR, 1990). Ammonia is also used as a refrigerant. The general public is exposed by off-gasing from cleaning solutions containing aqueous ammonia. Household ammonia solutions contain 5-10% ammonia in water while industrial strength can be up to ...

Irradiation processes have several commercial applications, in the coating of metals, plastics, and glass, in printing, wood finishing, film and plastic cross-linking, and in the fields of adhesive and electrical insulations. The advantages of this technology are well known. Radiation treatment on fabric and garments can add value in coloration, antifelting, printing, and coating. In this chapt...

An overview of the efficacy of anti-predator netting (APN) used by the shellfish industry is presented. There is little support that the currently favored APN effectively protects farmed clams from predators. Evidence does suggest that APN leads to impacts and pollution. APN is an attractant for predators, e.g., crabs, by providing a refuge within Ulva sp. which attaches onto the surface of APN...