One of the functional roles suggested for the insect ocelli is their involvement in flight behaviour such as the maintenance of stability by monitoring movements of the animal relative to the horizon (Hesse, 1908). In a recent study on second order ocellar neurones in locusts, Wilson (1978) concluded from physiological and anatomical considerations that this system is ideally suited 'to detect ...

K E Y W O R D S bone, tooth, biomaterials, 3D analysis, microcomputed tomography A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S This work was made possible by grants from the EC through the Network in Europe on Male Osteoporosis and from the Contrat de plan Etat-Région Pays de la Loire. Mrs Guénaelle Brossard and Nadine Gaborit are thanked for their skillful technical assistance. A U T H O R D E TA I L S Dani...

The prevalence of similarly ringed colour patterns in Neotropical snake species has stimulated heated controversy over the cause of this apparent convergence since it was first noted by Cope (1860) and Wallace (1870) in the last century. These ringed and banded species include venomous (neurotoxic) elapid coral snakes (Micrurus) and a number of mildly or non-venomous colubrid and anniliid snake...

Multimodal communication is ubiquitous in nature. Plants lure pollinators with colour and fragrance, animals combine sounds visual displays during courtship humans gesture while talking (Fröhlich & van Schaik, 2018; Halfwerk et al., 2019; Higham Hebets, 2013; Munoz Blumstein, 2020; Partan Marler, 1999; Ullrich 2016). These multimodal presumably evolved to increase signal salience, aid species r...

43 44 We simultaneously compared the sensitivity of single primary afferent neurons supplying 45 the glabrous skin of the hand and the psychophysical amplitude discrimination thresholds in 46 human subjects for a set of vibrotactile stimuli delivered to the receptive field. All recorded 47 afferents had a dynamic range narrower than the range of amplitudes across which the 48 subjects could dis...