Clinical management of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) suffers from the lack of reliable surrogate marker tests. Proteomic analysis may identify such biomarkers in blood, but there has been no proof-of-principle evidence to support this approach. Here we performed in-gel trypsin digestion of plasma proteins from four groups of 10-d-old mice [untouched and 24 h after low-dose lipo...

BACKGROUND Whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are measured in the brain in animal models of stroke, neurotrophin levels in stroke patients are measured in plasma or serum samples. The present study was designed to investigate the meaning of circulating BDNF levels in stroke patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Unilateral ischemic stroke was induced in rats by the injection of va...

BACKGROUND Fructose, unlike glucose, promotes feeding behavior in rodents and its ingestion exerts differential effects in the human brain. However, plasma fructose is typically 1/1000 th of glucose levels and it is unclear to what extent fructose crosses the blood-brain barrier. We investigated whether local endogenous central nervous system (CNS) fructose production from glucose via the polyo...

Background and aims: A selective and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method has been established for determination of methotrexate in human plasma. Methods: Methotrexate was extracted from plasma with acetonitrile. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water-formic acid 74: 25: 1(v/v). Twenty...

After Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease is the most common nerve-damaging disease. Parkinson's is a progressive and chronic disease where cells secrete dopamine-cut black flesh and in the absence of dopamine in the brain destroyed the irregular body movements. Man eats the food that causes the formation of the neurotransmitters. Tthree neurotransmitters: dopamine, serotonin, norepinephri...

Background: Recent studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have a putative ability to promote neurogenesis and produce behavioral and functional improvement. Our previous study demonstrated that co-treatment of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and BMSCs have beneficial effects on Parkinson's models. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the...

Abstract Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog that has been utilized for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. at higher dose also shows beneficial effects in weight loss, which prompted its widespread use as an anti-obesity drug. The potential liraglutide to treat Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive impairment suggested. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetics liraglutide, includi...

Delivery of valproic acid (VPA) to the human brain is relatively inefficient as reflected by a low brain-to-unbound plasma concentration ratio (< or =0.5) at steady state. Previous pharmacokinetic studies suggested that the unfavorable brain-to-plasma gradient is maintained by coupled efflux transport processes at both the brain parenchymal cells and blood-brain barrier (BBB); one or both of th...

To study the relationships of MBP and S100B with PVH-IVH and PVL in preterm infants. 385 cases of preterm infants, whose gestational age was less than 34 weeks, were enrolled in the study. The plasma levels of S100B and MBP were detected within 24 hours and on the 3rd, 7th, 14th day after birth. Cranial ultrasound was preformed 2-3 d, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks after birth. They also ...