an essential requirement for an operating pem fuel cell is providing proper water content in the membrane. to avoid water flooding an appropriate water balance is required. here, an analytic model of a planar membrane humidifier for pem fuel cell is proposed where the effect of dimensional parameters includes membrane thickness, membrane area and channel hydraulic diameter are investigated. a n...

Slope stability is one of the most important topics engineering geology with a background more than 300 years. So far, various assessment techniques have been developed which include range simple evaluations, planar failure, limit state criteria, equilibrium analysis, numerical methods, hybrid and high-order approaches are implemented in two-dimensional (2D) three-dimensional (3D) space. In mea...

introduction: although pet scanning using f-18[fdg] is considered the superior radiotracer for tumnor imaging, gallium-67 is still in use for some malignancies such as lymphoma and hepatoma. one of the strategies to improve the diagnostic accuracy of gallium is to perform spect which is reported to be more sensitive compared to planar imaging. in this study we compared the sensitivity of spect ...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $M$ be an unitary $R$-module. The intersection graph of an $R$-module $M$, denoted by $Gamma(M)$, is a simple graph whose vertices are all non-trivial submodules of $M$ and two distinct vertices $N_1$ and $N_2$ are adjacent if and only if $N_1cap N_2neq 0$. In this article, we investigate the concept of a planar intersection graph and maximal subm...

Metal complexes, ML (M=Ni, Cu, Co and Zn) of unsymmetrical tetradentate schiff base have been synthesized by the template reaction of the half-units N-(1-hydroxy-2-acetonaphthone)-1-amino-2-phenyleneimine)(HL1) with 2-Pyrroleca-rbaldehyde. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and UV spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the Ni(II) complex has been determine...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the linear stability of multidimensional shock waves that violate the uniform stability condition derived by A. Majda. Two examples of such shock waves are studied: (1) planar Lax shocks in isentropic gas dynamics (2) phase transitions in an isothermal van der Waals fluid. In both cases we prove an energy estimate on the resulting linearized system. Speci...

This work considers the computational costs associated with the implementation of a failure-tolerant path planning algorithm proposed in [1]. The algorithm makes the following assumptions: a manipulator is redundant relative to its task, only a single joint failure occurs at any given time, the manipulator is capable of detecting a joint failure and immediately locks the failed joint, and the e...

Abstract To explore in-plane shear failure mode of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel, this paper carried out relevant research work from the perspective stress analysis and combined with crack morphology specimen after planar shear. In study, load–displacement curve hemlock [ Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière] CLT was obtained by a three-point bending test or an improved test, vertical layer azim...

A robotic manipulator can fail in many diierent ways, and its capabilities after a failure are a major concern, especially for manipulators used in hazardous and remote environments, where the cost of repair or replacement is high. This article presents a study of the workspaces of robotic arms after a free-swinging failure, deened as a hardware or software failure that prevents the application...