On modern dairy farms, environmental mastitis pathogens are usually the predominant cause of mastitis, and bedding often serves as a point of exposure to these organisms. The objective of this longitudinal study was to determine bacterial populations of 4 different bedding types [deep-bedded new sand (NES), deep-bedded recycled sand (RS), deep-bedded manure solids (DBMS), and shallow-bedded man...

and Implications A small demonstration sow herd has been housed during breeding and gestation in a deep-bedded hoop structure. Conception rates, number of pigs born alive, and birth weights were excellent. These results indicate that hoops provide a realistic alternative for housing gestating sows. A discussion of the decision considerations related to animal environment, sow behavior, bedding ...

The purpose of the study was to assess the microenvironment in separately ventilated mouse cages at differing ventilation rates, mice populations, and frequency of bedding changes. We monitored intracage temperature, relative humidity, and concentrations of ammonia and carbon dioxide during 3 experiments. First, the effect of ventilation rate on the microenvironment of cages housing adult male ...

ABTRACT Background: In nuclear medicine, phantoms are mainly used to evaluate the overall performance of the imaging systems and practically there is no phantom exclusively designed for the evaluation of the software performance.  In this study the Hoffman brain phantom was used for quantitative evaluation of reconstruction techniques. The phantom is modified to acquire t...

In order to reduce straw input, soft lying mats are used increasingly instead of straw bedding in cubicle systems for dairy cows. This study aimed at comparing different types of soft lying mats with straw bedding regarding cow behaviour and leg injuries. Data were collected on five farms with straw bedding and on 13 farms using four types of soft lying mats consisting of different materials. O...

landfill and incineration are two common methods mostly used for disposal of huge quantities of solid wastes. the bioconversion ability of earthworms in vermicomposting process of organic waste in different types of bedding materials was investigated to produce more valuable products as an economical and effective alternate method for solid waste management. in this work organic waste (obtained...