Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiency (MPHD) is an endocrine disorder due to combination of pituitary hormones deficiencies. Clinical manifestations vary due to the combination of individual hormone deficiencies. The diagnosis is established based on history, signs and symptoms, hormonal and radiological examination. MPHD should be managed by hormones replacement according hormone abnormalities...

Pituitary, a critical component in the neuroendocrine system, plays an indispensable role in the regulation of body growth. The transcriptional factor ZBTB20 is widely expressed in brain tissues and participates in hippocampal development; however, the detailed molecular mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ZBTB20 on mouse pituitary develo...

The increased ambient temperature affects the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Since the correlation among vasopressin (VP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) responses to various stressors have been long recognized, the aim of this study was to reveal the aforementioned hormones production and morphology of the pituitary gland after exposure to ...

We present a proof of concept study designed to support the clinical development of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) for the detection of pituitary tumors during surgery. We analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) MSI six nonpathological (NP) human pituitary glands and 45 hormone secreting and nonsecreting (NS) human pituitary adenomas. We show that the distribution of pi...

The hypothalamic-pituitary system is considered to be a seminal event that emerged prior to or during the differentiation of the ancestral agnathans (jawless vertebrates). Hagfishes as one of the only two extant members of the class of agnathans are considered the most primitive vertebrates known, living or extinct. Accordingly, studies on their reproduction are important for understanding the ...

the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (hpa) axis is a critical adaptive system that maximizes survival potential in the face of physical or psychological challenge. the principal end products of the hpa axis, glucocorticoid hormones, act on multiple organ systems, including the brain, to maintain homeostatic balance. the brain is a target of stress, and the hippocampus is the first brain reg...

There is a vast literature on the influence of sex hormones and gonadotrophins on the incidence and growth of tumors, particularly those of the gonads and accessory sex organs. Less attention has been paid to the possible influence on tumors of other hormones, although aspects of the field now surveyed have been reviewed elsewhere (74, 76, 115, 150). There is some justification for considering ...

Hypothalamus, extensively connected with other brain regions, is the vital bridge between nervous system and endocrine system. It exerts its regulating function on endocrine system mainly via the pituitary, which is the central endocrine organ in vertebrate animals. Except the growth hormone, most of the hormones secreted by pituitary have their specific target organs. For example, thyrotropin ...

The complex range of pituitary regulatory mechanisms reviewed here underlies the critical function of the pituitary in sustaining all higher life forms. Thus, the ultimate net secretion of pituitary hormones is determined by signal integration from all three tiers of pituitary control. It is clear from our current knowledge that the trophic hormone cells of the anterior pituitary are uniquely s...