Phenology is one of the simplest and most effective study to understanding role climate change in recent scenario. A number biotic abiotic drivers controlled timing duration various phenophases same or different species. Temperature, rainfall photoperiod are key which adversely affect phenology woody plant. The sites were conductedat 413 2345m elevation Nainital forest division Kumaun Himalaya....

Traditional and folk medicine regularly make use of the Pinus roxburghii Sargent (Pinaceae) plant. Unfortunately, there is a lack data on this plant's potential anti-arthritic effects.Pinus ethyl acetate stem bark has properties in Wistar rats with arthritis produced by Freund's Complete adjuvant. As positive control, diclofenac was administered. To define activity, influence pain perception pa...

The objective of this study was to optimize the physico-enzymatic pretreatment of P. roxburghii fallen foliage (needles) to produce reducing sugars through response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite face centered design (CCD). Under this, five parameters, i.e., concentration of laccase, cellulose and xylanase, steam explosion pressure and incubation period, at three levels with t...