Author(s): Jorunn I. B. Bos, Miles R. Armstrong,c,1, Eleanor M. Gilroy,1, Petra C. Boevink,1, Ingo Hein,1, Rosalind M. Taylor, Tian Zhendong,f, Stefan Engelhardt, Ramesh R. Vetukuri, Brian Harrower, Christina Dixelius, Glenn Bryan, Ari Sadanandom, Stephen C. Whisson, Sophien Kamoun,2, and Paul R. J. Birch Article Title: Phytophthora infestans effector AVR3a is essential for virulence and manipu...

The recent resurgence of the late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, as a major agricultural threat, as well as the associated changes in genetic complexity of this organism, have necessitated careful scrutiny and characterization of populations of P. infestans so that appropriate control methods can be implemented. Several techniques for molecular and genetic characteriza...

Downy mildews and root and foliar rots caused by Phytophthora are among the most destructive plant pathogens and therefore have attracted considerable attention during the past two decades. Although it has been realized that a close phylogenetic relationship exists, so far sharp distinction has been made between the obligate biotrophic downy mildews and the hemibiotrophic Phytophthora. In the s...

ABSTRACT Genetic structure of Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of potato and tomato late blight, was analyzed spatially in a mixed potato and tomato production area in the Del Fuerte Valley, Sinaloa, Mexico. Isolates of P. infestans were characterized by mating type, allozyme analysis at the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and peptidase loci, restriction fragment length polymorphism with ...

Endophytic Trichoderma is a fungus found in plant tissue and has the potential as biological control agent. The aim of this study was to endophytic isolated from tomato roots, stems leaves Phytophthora infestans fruit rot growth yield plants. treatments that were tested tricoderma plants applied with doses 50, 75, 100 g per plant, respectively. experimental design used completely randomized thr...

ABSTRACT In this study we evaluated the performance of potato cultivars in organic production system, aiming to identify those more productive and less damaged by Phytophthora infestans Diabrotica speciosa. The experiment was conducted during 2013/2014 2014/2015 crop seasons. Cultivars Ágata, Aracy Ruiva, Vitória, Clara, Eliza, Catucha Cris were assessed for severity area under disease progress...

Oomycetes have long been considered as a separate class within the kingdom Fungi, but they are in fact closer to brown algae. They are currently classified in the Stramenopile eukaryotic kingdom, which includes heterokont algae and water molds. The major cell wall polysaccharides in Oomycetes are β-(1 3) and β-(1 6)-glucans, as well as cellulose, which has never been reported in any fungal spec...

A purified preparation of antifungal protein (AFP) from Aspergillus giganteus exhibited potent antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungi Magnaporthe grisea and Fusarium moniliforme, as well as the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Under conditions of total inhibition of fungal growth, no toxicity of AFP toward rice protoplasts was observed. Additionally, application of AFP o...

Transformation of the diploid oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora infestans with antisense, sense, and promoter-less constructs of the coding sequence of the elicitin gene inf1 resulted in transcriptional silencing of both the transgenes and the endogenous gene. Since heterokaryons obtained by somatic fusion of an inf1-silenced transgenic strain and a wild-type strain displayed stable gene sil...

Grünwald, N. J., Martin, F. N., Larsen, M. M., Sullivan, C. M., Press, C. M., Coffey, M. D., Hansen, E. M., and Parke, J. L. 2011. PhytophthoraID.org: A sequence-based Phytophthora identification tool. Plant Dis. 95:337-342. Contemporary species identification relies strongly on sequence-based identification, yet resources for identification of many fungal and oomycete pathogens are rare. We de...