BACKGROUND This paper describes the clinical management of four cases of shoulder impingement syndrome using a conservative multimodal treatment approach. CLINICAL FEATURES Four patients presented to a chiropractic clinic with chronic shoulder pain, tenderness in the shoulder region and a limited range of motion with pain and catching. After physical and orthopaedic examination a clinical dia...

To date, transdermal delivery has been effective in delivering only a very few drugs due to diffi culties in moving larger, and chemically non-compatible, molecules across the skin’s biologically-active barrier. Drugs with higher melting points, drugs of molecular weight greater than 500 Daltons and drugs requiring pharmacological doses of more than 40 mg in 24 hours can not employ patchor gel-...

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are of choice for acute pain management in musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) but they are not without side effects. The primary aim of this study was to investigate user’s experience of side effects of oral NSAIDs among patients with MSDs. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 296 patients with MSDs from physiotherapy out-patient clinics...

Iliotibial band friction syndrome (ITBFS) is a common injury of the lateral aspect of the knee particularly in runners, cyclists and endurance sports. A number of authors suggest that ITBFS responds well to conservative treatment, however, much of this opinion appears anecdotal and not supported by evidence within the literature. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic review of th...