The maximum inhibitory dilution (MID) of triclosan-based mouthwashes against 28 Staphylococcus aureus strains was evaluated. Dilutions ranging from 1/10 to 1/655,360 were prepared. Strains were inoculated using a Steers multipoint inoculator. The MID was considered as the maximum dilution capable of inhibiting microorganism growth. The mouthwashes presented different MIDs.

Objectives. To determine the safety and efficacy of three different mydriatic regimens in premature infants referred for retinopathy prematurity (ROP) screening using (1) multiple alternate instillations 0.5% cyclopentolate hydrochloride 2.5% phenylephrine (MAI), (2) single instillation 0.5%/0.5% tropicamide + (SI) (3) with a cotton wick placed inferior fornix (SIW) Philippine tertiary hospital...

Accommodation is controlled by the action of the ciliary muscle and mediated primarily by parasympathetic input through postganglionic fibers that originate from neurons in the ciliary and pterygopalatine ganglia. During accommodation the pupil constricts to increase the depth of focus of the eye and improve retinal image quality. Researchers have traditionally faced the challenge of measuring ...

The development of new pharmaceutical forms with classical active compounds generates new analytical problems. That is the case of sugar-free sachets of cough-cold products containing acetaminophen, phenylephrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate. Two cyanopropyl stationary phases have been employed to tackle the problem. The Discovery cyanopropyl (SUPELCO) column permitted the separat...

Some otolaryngologists administer topical phenylephrine for bleeding control in adenoidectomy surgery. Absorption of this drug from surgical site can lead to increase in blood pressure due to vasoconstriction and then bradycardia related to baroreceptore reflex.  Our case was an intraoperative arrest of a 9-yrs-old girl related to administration of topical phenylephrine during adenoidectomy how...

Background: Spinal anesthesia is an accepted technique in elective cesarean sections. However, hypotension, resulted from sympathectomy is a common problem, especially in pregnant women. Prevention of this complication by sympathomimetic agents is of potential clinical significance. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of prophylactic infusion of Phenylephrine versus Ephedrine in the ...

Estrogen produces vasodilatation through the induction of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the endothelium, but there are many reports of endothelium-independent effects. In the present study, these processes were investigated in rat aortas isolated from ovariectomized rats. Long-term in vitro treatment with 17β-estradiol (10 nM for 24 h) in an organ culture system slightly reduced acetylcholine-...