conclusions the mtbdrplus and mtbdrsl genotypic testing can serve as useful additional tools for dst in a high-burden country like pakistan provided it is used in combination with phenotypic testing. results the sensitivity of mtbdrplus for isoniazid and rifampicin was found to be 88.8% and 90.2%, respectively, while sensitivity of mtbdrsl for fluoroquinolones, amikacin/capreomycin, and ethambu...

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB is a well-known smooth muscle (SM) cell (SMC) phenotypic modulator that signals by binding to PDGF alphaalpha-, alphabeta-, and betabeta-membrane receptors. PDGF-DD is a recently identified PDGF family member, and its role in SMC phenotypic modulation is unknown. Here we demonstrate that PDGF-DD inhibited expression of multiple SMC genes, including SM al...

It is essential to monitor the occurrence of drug-resistant strains and to provide guidance for clinically adapted antiviral treatment of HIV/AIDS. In this study, an individual patient's HIV-1 pol gene encoding the full length of protease and part of the reverse transcriptase was packaged into a modified lentivirus carrying dual-reporters ZsGreen and luciferase. The optimal coefficient of corre...

Th e paper presents numerical comparison of two methods of estimation of nonallelic interaction of QTL eff ects. In the fi rst method we assume that we observe only the plant phenotype, while in the second method we have additional information from the molecular markers observations. In this paper we analysed phenotypic data on 120 barley doubled haploid lines, derived from cross Clipper × Saha...

background and objectives: annual incidence of infection with s. typhi is estimated to be about 17 million cases worldwide. a systematic search among actinomycete isolates from soil of iran aimed at finding active actinomycetes against the causative agent of typhoid fever, salmonella typhi was carried out during this study. materials and methods: our anti- salmonella screening program resulted ...

Nineteen strains of Lactobacillus isolated from goat's milk from farms in north-west of Algeria were characterized. Isolates were identified by phenotypic, physiological and genotypic methods and some of their important technological properties were studied. Phenotypic characterization was carried out by studying physiological, morphological characteristics and carbohydrate fermentation pattern...

The ability to regulate cellular protein activity offers a broad range of biotechnological and biomedical applications. Such protein regulation can be achieved by modulating the specific protein activity or through processes that regulate the amount of protein in the cell. We have previously demonstrated that the nonhomologous recombination of the genes encoding maltose binding protein (MBP) an...

Heat shock protein 72 (Hsp70) is constitutively expressed in rat hindlimb muscles, reportedly in proportion to their content of type I myosin heavy chain. This distribution pattern has been suggested to result from the higher recruitment and activity of such muscles and/or a specific relationship between myosin phenotype and Hsp70 content. To differentiate between these possibilities, the fiber...

Macrophage phenotype and function varies according to their polarized state, which in turn is dependent on microenvironmental stimuli. Under normal physiological conditions, lung interstitial macrophages that express interleukin (IL)-10 are considered to serve regulatory roles in the prevention of allergic reactions in the airways. However, the phenotypic profile of lung interstitial macrophage...