We present communication frameworks, models, and protocols of smart grid Internet Things (IoT) networks based on the IEEE IEC standards. The measurement, control, monitoring being achieved through phasor measurement unit (PMU) wide area (WAM) framework. WAM framework applied standard C37.118 exchange protocol to collect data from various substation devices. existing frameworks include 61850 pro...

This paper describes a heuristic approach for optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in power system for improving state estimation accuracy. PMUs are able to measure highly accurate bus voltage phasors as well as branch current phasors incident to the buses at which PMUs are installed. Due to cost consideration of PMU placement, power grid utilities are interested in the knowledg...

This paper presents optimal phasor measurement units (PMUs) placement algorithms for power system observability. The optimal placement problem (OPP) is formulated such that minimizing the number of PMU installations for full network observability. Three approaches, in this paper, are introduced aiming at reducing the computational burden in Optimal Placement problems. Depth First Search, Simula...

Abstract: Data from phasor measurement units (PMUs) may be exploited to provide steady state information to the applications which require it. As PMU measurements may contain errors and missing data, the paper presents the application of a Kalman Filter technique for real-time data processing. PMU data captures the power system’s response at different time-scales, which are generated by differe...

This research resulting the method to reduce phasor measurement unit (PMU) amount and optimization of PMU replacement using a combination Integer linear k-means. The first step modeling is lot PMUs that are optimized at Bendul Merisi network integer k-means clustering for achieving an optimum solution be installed. second estimating uninstalled bus's power voltage. modified adaptive neuro-fuzzy...

Dynamic state and parameter estimation (DSE) plays a key role for reliably monitoring operating future, power-electronics-dominated power systems. While DSE is very active research field, experimental applications of proposed algorithms to real-world systems remain scarce. This motivates the present paper, in which we demonstrate effectiveness algorithm previously presented by parts authors wit...

Part I of this paper set sets forth theory and algorithms for adaptive fault detection/location technique, which is based on Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU). This paper is Part II of this paper set. A new timing device named “Global Synchronism Clock Generator, GSCG” including its hardware and software design is described in this paper. Experimental results show that the synchronized error of ris...

Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) are playing an increasingly important role in wide-area monitoring and control of power systems. PMUs allow synchronous real-time measurements of voltage, phase angle and frequency from multiple remote locations in the grid, enabled by their ability to align to Global Position System (GPS) clocks. Given that this ability is vulnerable to GPS spoofing attacks, whic...

Optimal Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) Placement (OPP) aims to reduce equipment costs while maintaining electrical systems observability. PMUs synchronized phasor data provide information with high quality and frequency enabling the implementation of faster than real-time state estimators. We applied Chemical Reaction Optimization (CRO) method at OPP problem, testing it successfully IEEE power s...

In this paper, a methodology for designing an optimal monitoring architecture by using a limited number of PMU (Phasor Measurement Units) and a PDC (Phase Data Concentrator) is proposed. The optimal design problem consists in defining the optimal location of both the PMU and the PDC by maximizing the expected value of the trace of the observability gramian of the power system over a large numbe...