introduction: virtual bronchoscopy is a reliable and efficient diagnostic method for primary symptoms of lung cancer. the segmentation of airways from ct images is a critical step for numerous virtual bronchoscopy applications. materials and methods: to overcome the limitations of the fuzzy connectedness method, the proposed technique, called fuzzy connectivity - fuzzy c-mean (fc-fcm), utilized...

objective: adaptation of the pharyngeal airway space does occur after different surgical strategies of class iii patients including mandibular setback, maxillary advancement and bimaxillary surgery. the aim of this study is to conduct a detailed cephalometric evaluation of the alterations taking place in the morphology of the pharyngeal airway space after treatment of class iii skeletal deformi...

abstract acute upper airway obstruction (uao) is a life threatening complication that is well recognized after carotid endarterectomy, thyroidectomy and pharyngeal area intervention. it is not widely acknowledged that airway obstruction can occur after cervical spinal fusion surgery which was first described in 1955. there are a number of common postoperative problems which may become apparent ...

abstract:   background: the most important and complex phenomenon of respiratory function of the nose is related to different nasal anatomy. the differences in facial anatomic structure between different races may also be reflected in nasal resistance and airflow. caucasians has different facial anatomic structure which is the reflection of intranasal resistance or consequence of airflow. the a...

sturge-weber syndrome (sws) is a very rare congenital disorder that is manifested by facial capillary malformation (port wine stain) which may be associated with capillary – venous malformations affecting many parts such as the brain, eyes facial skin and mucosa and also airways. in this report we present an unusual 28 years old female case of sws that presented with signs and symptoms of sudde...

abstractbackgroundand endotracheal intubation under direct vision in both anticipated and unexpecteddifficult intubation situations.: the lma ctrach system is a new device for airway managementmethodsdifferent types of elective surgeries. after randomly selecting the patients for intubationwith this new device, the airway characteristics, height, weight, dental overbiteand thyromental distance ...

this study aimed to identify the relationship between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (feno) level and potential factors in non-asthmatic children from shanghai, china. from march to april 2012, the school-aged children fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited. the feno levels of non-asthmatic children were detected by the nano coulomb nitric oxide analyzer. questionnaires were recorded...

introduction: tuberculosis (tb), with different types of respiratory tract involvements, has a high rate of mortality all around the world. endobronchial involvement, which is a slightly common tuberculous infection, requires special attention due to its severe complications such as bronchostenosis. aim of study of this study was describes, one type of pulmonary tuberculosis with less diagnosed...

conclusions in this case, after failure of awake fiberoptic intubation, awake direct laryngoscopy and blind nasal intubation, finally awake nasal intubation in sitting position, using fiberoptic led to success. case presentation the present case discusses a patient with severe deformity of mandible that was admitted for correction with free-flap. the following intubation techniques were used fo...

nasal mucosa has an extraordinary nerve supply with unique geometry that encompasses complex physiology. among these, side-specific predilections to the respiratory and autonomic centers are the interesting issues that have been raised about the consequences of the nasal irritations. the aim of the study was an evaluation of how intranasal stimulation influences lung mechanics and determines wh...