navab is a dissident poet and political thinker. he believes that he has responsibilities in relation to the arab community and the arabic governments. the present study is an attempt to study rebellion poem in arabic contemporary literature, assuming that he is one of the political opposition arab governments, so in this article we will study poetry which was written in the space of censorship...

It has long been natural for linguists to invoke metaphors taken from the life sciences, in particular evolutionary biology. In recent decades it has been argued that such analogies represent not mere rhetoric or metalinguistic convenience, but actual processes in language development; after all, why should not a biologically-conditioned cultural phenomenon such as language, the collective prod...

from among the arabic alphabet, hamza is the only vowel with four orthographic variations of (alone), (above a w?w), (above and under an ‘alif) and (above a dotless y?). such an orthographic variation for hamza has caused spelling problems for writers mainly those who write in both arabic and persian. the present article is to reach the following objectives: 1. introducing the right orthography...

Tajik Persian is a dialect of Persian spoken primarily in Tajikistan and written with a modified Cyrillic alphabet. Iranian Persian, or Farsi, as it is natively called, is the lingua franca of Iran and is written with the Persian alphabet, a modified Arabic script. Although the spoken versions of Tajik and Farsi are mutually intelligible to educated speakers of both languages, the difference be...

This paper presents a rule-based method for transcription of English words into the PersoArabic orthography. The method relies on the phonetic representation of English words such as the CMU pronunciation dictionary. Some of the challenging problems are the context-based vowel representation in the Perso-Arabic writing system and the mismatch between the syllabic structures of English and Persi...

â  â  â  the image of women in shoghi’s poetry â  â  zahra soleymanpour * â  jafar delshad ** â  â  â  abstract â  â  from a long time ago, describing the woman as well as love and mania has allocated a large part of poets’ poetry to itself. it could be said that there is almost no poet some of whose poems are not related to women. moreover, love and affection are in fact common senses amon...