permitted to offer only a limnited nanuge of financial services. At the sanue time, fir-ms enugaged in muonfinancial activities, as well as somne in financial industries, have not been pernnitted to owmu banks. Such restrictions were intended to limit the misk of bank failure, to avoid conflicts of intem-est and to prevent undue concentn-ation of financial power-.’ In r-ecent years, however-, t...

Due to environmental conditions, the wind power generation is fluctuating in nature. This affects the electrical network interconnected with these systems. When the wind power generators are connected to the nonlinear loads, there is distortion in the waveform. These distortions should be within limits according to national and international guidelines framed for power quality. This paper prese...

This Chapter reviews statistical models for the probability distribution of money developed in the econophysics literature since the late 1990s. In these models, economic transactions are modeled as random transfers of money between the agents in payment for goods and services. Starting from the initially equal distribution of money, the system spontaneously develops a highly unequal distributi...

GRB 990123 may have radiated more than one solar mass equivalent in just its gamma emissions. Though this may be within the upper limit of the binding energies available from neutron stars in the Schwarzschild metric, it is difficult to imagine a process with the required efficiency of conversion to gamma rays. Neutron stars of ∼ 10M⊙ are permitted in the Yilmaz metric. A merger of two neutron ...

We analyze the problem of increasing the efficiency of single-photon sources or single-rail photonic qubits via linear optical processing and destructive conditional measurements. We allow for the use of coherent states and do not limit to photon-counting measurements. We conjecture that, with the limitation that multiphoton components in the output are not permitted, it is not possible to incr...

A new idea of using change in index of refraction to suppress gain variation in a saturated semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is presented. This kind of gain compensation has the advantage of high speed because it involves two phenomena that always accompany each other. This compensation can be achieved with a nonsymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure. Calculated results show tha...

Conditions are derived for the consistency of kernel estimators of the variance of a sum of dependent heterogeneous random variables, with a representation as moving averages of near-epoch dependent functions of a mixing process. Fourth moments are not gnerally required. The conditions permit more dependence than a purely nonparametric representation allows, and may be close to those of the bes...

We argue that, ideally, the ways to measure magnitudes in non-quantum theories of physics (spacetime, field theory), limit drastically their possible mathematical models. In particular, gauge invariance in the Yang-Mills framework, is a necessity of our way of measuring rather than an a priori imposition on symmetry. A general postulational basis for the geometric aspects of classical field the...